Effect of Green Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Spinach Extract on Triton X-100-Induced Atherosclerosis in Rats.

The effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) synthesized using Spinacia oleracea leaf extract on Triton X-100-induced atherosclerosis in white Wistar rats was determined. FeONPs were characterized to determine their size, structure, composition, and shape. In vitro antioxidant activity of FeONPs against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) was determined. Atherosclerosis was induced by intraperitoneal administration of 5% Triton X-100 (100 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days. Group 1 received standard rat chow and water. Group 2 received 100 mg/kg body weight of Triton X-100 and a standard diet. Group 3 received 100 mg/kg body weight of Triton X-100 followed by 20 mg/kg body weight of atorvastatin for 21 days. Groups 4, 5, and 6 received 100 mg/kg body weight Triton X-100 was followed by variable concentrations of 100, 300, and 500 µg/kg body weight FeONPs, respectively, for 21 days. Blood samples were analyzed for lipid, liver, antioxidant, and cardiovascular markers. Histopathology of the heart was also examined. Characterization revealed the amorphous nature, functional groups, and clustered topography of FeONPs. An upregulated antioxidant activity of FeONPs was observed in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of Triton X-100 showed elevated levels of lipid biomarkers except for high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which decreased in group 2 in comparison to group 1. Liver, antioxidant, and cardiovascular biomarkers all significantly increased. The structural alteration was observed in the heart tissue following histopathology examination. Administration of FeONPs significantly decreased all biomarkers and increased the level of HDL. Also, tissue architecture was restored. Our findings demonstrated that FeONPs were effective in ameliorating Triton X-100-induced atherosclerosis in rats.

Obidah Abert H ，Umaru Aduwamai H ，Shehu Adamu S 《-》

Biogenic Fabrication of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Leptolyngbya sp. L-2 and Multiple In Vitro Pharmacogenetic Properties.

Minhas LA ，Kaleem M ，Minhas MAH ，Waqar R ，Al Farraj DA ，Alsaigh MA ，Badshah H ，Haris M ，Mumtaz AS ... -  《Toxics》

Bioactive Macromolecule-mediated Biogenic FeONPs Attenuate Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Rat by Activating PI3K/Akt/eNOS Pathway.

Du Q ，Chen B ，Yang X ，Zhu H ，Shams Ul Hassan S ，Liu Q ... -  《-》

Facile Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Impact on Cytotoxicity, Antioxidative Properties and Bactericidal Activity.

Shah SS ，Turakhia BP ，Purohit N ，Kapadiya KM ，Sahoo CR ，Prajapati A ... -  《-》

Biomonitoring and risk assessment of naturally and chemically synthesized iron-oxide nanoparticles: A comparative approach.

Nanostructured oxides and oxyhydroxides of iron are imperative constituents of the Earth's geological and biological processes i.e. biogeochemical cycles. So, the characteristic applications of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONps) are closely linked to their surroundings and biological sinks. This work reports a low-cost green approach to promote 'waste-to-wealth' ideology by the direct and self-catalysis of iron rust into its nanoparticles (N-FeONps). A comparison is drawn based on the properties, morphologies, and applications after synthesizing FeONps by chemical precipitation method (C-FeONps). Spherical nanoparticles with vibrational properties are obtained in the size domain of 32 nm (N-FeONps) and 23 nm (C-FeONps). The application of Uniform deformation model, Uniform stress deformation model, Uniform deformation energy density model, and Size-strain plot models reveal comparatively greater defects in the crystal structures of C-FeONps. The biosafety profiling of natural and chemically designed nano-units performed on the species of bacteria, fungus, algae, and plants have shown enhanced safety terms associated with N-FeONps. The performance of N-FeONps has surpassed its chemical counterpart in medical applications such as antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity with approximate percentages of 26 % and 51 % respectively. The findings of this piece of work favors the naturally obtained FeONps (N-FeONps), as they are economically viable, non-toxic, and have a greater antioxidant and anti-inflammatory arena. Hence, this waste-to-wealth ideology should be promoted for maintaining waste and designing solutions for the medical industries in one go.

Jasrotia T ，Dhiman N ，Sharma N ，Singh A ，Chaudhary S ，Chaudhary GR ，Kumar R ... -  《-》