Immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in people living with HIV: A cross-sectional study.

We aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in people living with HIV (PLWH). A total of 143 PLWH and 50 healthy individuals were included in this study. A commercially available magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay kit was used to detect serum IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Serum levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG were significantly higher in the control group than in the PLWH group (p = 0.001). Overall, 76% of individuals in the control group were detected with seropositivity IgG against SARS-CoV-2 compared to 58% in the PLWH group (p = 0.024). In PLWH with IgG seropositivity, CD4+ T-cell counts before antiretroviral therapy (ART) was higher (p = 0.015). Multivariable analysis indicated that CD4+ T cells at IgG detection (odds ratio [OR] = 1.004, p = 0.006) and time after vaccination (OR = 0.977, p = 0.014) were independently associated with seropositivity IgG against SARS-CoV-2 in PLWH. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers in PLWH against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 were similar to those in the control group (p = 0.160). The proportion of seropositive nAbs against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 was also similar (95% in the control group vs. 97% in the PLWH group, p = 0.665). Similar results were obtained when nAb was detected against the delta variants with similar titers (p = 0.355) and a similar proportion of seropositive nAbs were observed (p = 0.588). All the side effects observed in our study were mild and self-limiting. The inactivated COVID-19 vaccine appears to be safe with good immunogenicity in Chinese PLWH.

Cai S ，Liao G ，Yu T ，Gao Q ，Zou L ，Zhang H ，Xu X ，Chen J ，Lu A ，Wu Y ，Li B ，Peng J ... -  《-》

A third (booster) dose of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits immunogenicity and T follicular helper cell responses in people living with HIV.

Lv Z ，Lv S ，Li Q ，Xia Y ，Feng Z ，Zhang H ，Yang H ，Wu Z ，Zou N ，Mo Q ，Gu Q ，Ying S ，Wang X ，Qin D ，Wan C ... -  《Frontiers in Immunology》

Comparing Immune Responses to Inactivated Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 between People Living with HIV and HIV-Negative Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Huang X ，Yan Y ，Su B ，Xiao D ，Yu M ，Jin X ，Duan J ，Zhang X ，Zheng S ，Fang Y ，Zhang T ，Tang W ，Wang L ，Wang Z ，Xu J ... -  《Viruses-Basel》

Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV.

Ao L ，Lu T ，Cao Y ，Chen Z ，Wang Y ，Li Z ，Ren X ，Xu P ，Peng M ，Chen M ，Zhang G ，Xiang D ，Cai D ，Hu P ，Shi X ，Zhang D ，Ren H ... -  《Emerging Microbes & Infections》

Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines elicit immunogenicity and T-cell responses in people living with HIV.

To date, the effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on people living with HIV (PLWH) were mainly focused on messenger RNA (mRNA) and adenovirus vector-based vaccines, and little is known about the effects of inactivated virus-based vaccine. This study was designed to determine the effects of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on PLWH. Twenty-four HIV-positive individuals and 24 healthy donors (HD) were respectively recruited from Malipo Country People's Hospital and community in Kunming city. Enumeration of lymphocyte and CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Competitive ELISA was used to measure the level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralization antibody. Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between laboratory indicators and neutralization antibodies in PLWH. T-cell responses (Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg) and intracellular expression of cytokines (IL-2 and TNF-α) in CD4 or CD8 were induced by spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-2-S) and further measured by intracellular staining. CD4, B cells, CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells in peripheral blood of PLWH are dramatically decreased in comparison with HD. Importantly, PLWH display comparable neutralizing antibody positive rate to HD after inoculation with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. However, PLWH showed weaker responses to vaccines exhibited by lower levels of neutralizing antibodies. Correlation analysis shows that this is possibly caused by low number of CD4 and B cells. Furthermore, SARS-2-S-induced Th2 and Th17 responses are also decreased in PLWH, while no influences on Treg and other cytokines (IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ) observed. PLWH and HD have comparable neutralizing antibodies positive rates, but PLWH display weaker responses to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in magnitude, which suggests that a booster dose or dose adjustment are required for HIV-infected individuals, especially for those with lower counts of CD4 T and B cells.

Lv Z ，Li Q ，Feng Z ，Zheng X ，NaYin ，Yang H ，Gu Q ，Ying S ，Qi Y ，Li X ，Wu R ，Wu Z ，Yu X ，Zou N ，Qin D ，Wan C ... -  《-》