Association of normal-weight central obesity with hypertension: a cross-sectional study from the China health and nutrition survey.
Central obesity is associated with an increased risk of hypertension in the general population. However, little is known regarding the potential relationship between central obesity and the risk of hypertension among adults with a normal body mass index (BMI). Our aim was to assess the risk of hypertension among individuals with normal weight central obesity (NWCO) in a large Chinese population.
We identified 10 719 individuals aged 18 years or older from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015. Hypertension was defined by blood pressure measurements, physician diagnosis, or the use of antihypertensive treatment. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association of obesity patterns, defined by BMI, waist circumference (WC) and waist hip ratio (WHR), with hypertension after adjusting for confounding factors.
The patients' mean age was 53.6 ± 14.5 years, and 54.2% were women. Compared with individuals with a normal BMI but no central obesity, subjects with NWCO had a greater risk of hypertension (WC: OR, 1.49, 95% CI 1.14-1.95; WHR: OR, 1.33, 95% CI 1.08-1.65). Overweight-obese subjects with central obesity demonstrated the highest risk of hypertension after adjustment for potential confounders (WC: OR, 3.01, 95% CI 2.59-3.49; WHR: OR, 3.08, CI 2.6-3.65). Subgroup analyses showed that the combination of BMI with WC had similar findings to the overall population except for female and nonsmoking persons; when BMI was combined with WHR, a significant association of NWCO with hypertension was observed only in younger persons and nondrinkers.
Central obesity, as defined by WC or WHR, is associated with an increased risk of hypertension in Chinese adults with normal BMI, highlighting the need to combine measures in obesity-related risk assessment.
Ren H
，Guo Y
，Wang D
，Kang X
，Yuan G
... -
《BMC Cardiovascular Disorders》
Determining the best method for evaluating obesity and the risk for non-communicable diseases in women of childbearing age by measuring the body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, A Body Shape Index, and hip index.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are linked to excessive adiposity and anthropometric indices can be used to identify those at risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of anthropometric indices in identifying obesity and risk factors for NCDs and to investigate the emergence of obesity-related NCDs in young women in Sri Lanka.
We recruited 282 women 18 to 35 y of age from suburban and rural areas in Sri Lanka. We measured the women's height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), A Body Shape Index(ABSI), hip circumference (HC), hip index (HI), anthropometric risk index (ARI), fasting serum glucose, fasting serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triacylglycerols, and ovulatory gonadal hormones (progesterone, testosterone). Comparisons were made between women with normal BMI and those who were overweight or obese using anthropometric and biochemical characteristics.
The prevalence of obesity was highest in WC and in receiver operating characteristic analysis, BMI, WC, and WHtR showed higher sensitivity and lower 1-specificity as indicators of obesity. BMI had an area under the curve (AUC) of 1.000 with 100% sensitivity and 0% 1-specificity. WC had an AUC of 0.941 with 80% sensitivity and 13.4% 1-specificity. Additionally, WHtR showed a 0.974 AUC, 92.1% sensitivity, and 4.9% 1-specificity. The correlations between body size and shapes were assessed among the study participants using Pearson's correlation. More than other measures, WC and WHtR showed a significant correlation with BMI with P < 0.05 (r = 0.888 and 0.737, respectively). Although ABSI and BMI showed only a weak correlation (P = 0.006, r = 0.162), WHR and BMI showed a moderate correlation (P = 0.001, r = 0.477). Although HI demonstrated a negative association with BMI (P = 0.618, r = -0.030), HC exhibited a strong association (P = 0.001, r = 0.749). A significant association with higher odds ratios was found for obesity-related NCD risk factors such as hypertension, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia, altered ovulatory hormones with these (BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, ABSI, HI) obesity-assessing criteria (P < 0.05). A significant correlation between WC and hypertriacylglycerolmia (P = 0.001, r = 0.781, odds ratio, >16) was identified. A positive correlation was observed between all MS components and ARI, indicating that ARI may serve as a potential indicator of cardiometabolic risk.
BMI, WC, WHtR, and HC are intercorrelated anthropometric measurements that can be used either alone or in combination to define obesity and detect the risk for NCDs, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and infertility. On the other hand, BMI, ABSI, and HI are designed to be mutually independent indices and have the advantage of combining the separate risks to generate an overall ARI. Furthermore, ARI appears to be a highly effective predictor of cardiovascular disease.
Hewage N
，Wijesekara U
，Perera R
《-》
ResearchGate
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钛学术
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