Serum selenium and serum lipids in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004.

High selenium has been recently associated with several cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors including diabetes, blood pressure and lipid levels. We evaluated the association of serum selenium with fasting serum lipid levels in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004, the most recently available representative sample of the US population that measured selenium levels. Cross-sectional analysis of 1159 adults>or=40 years old from NHANES 2003-2004. Serum selenium was measured by inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry. Fasting serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were measured enzymatically and LDL cholesterol was calculated. Mean serum selenium was 136.7 microg/L. The multivariable adjusted average differences (95% confidence interval) comparing the highest (>or=147 microg/L) to the lowest (<124 microg/L) selenium quartiles were 18.9 (9.9, 28.0) mg/dL for total cholesterol, 12.7 (3.3, 22.2) mg/dL for LDL cholesterol, 3.9 (0.4, 7.5)mg/dL for HDL cholesterol, and 11.5 (-7.6, 30.7) mg/dL for triglycerides. In spline regression models, total and LDL cholesterol levels increased progressively with increasing selenium concentrations. HDL cholesterol increased with selenium but reached a plateau above 120 microg/L of serum selenium (20th percentile). The triglyceride-selenium relationship was U-shaped. In US adults, high serum selenium concentrations were associated with increased serum concentrations of total and LDL cholesterol. Selenium was associated with increasing HDL cholesterol only at low selenium levels. Given increasing trends in dietary selenium intake and supplementation, the causal mechanisms underlying these associations need to be fully characterized.

Laclaustra M ，Stranges S ，Navas-Acien A ，Ordovas JM ，Guallar E ... -  《-》

Serum selenium and serum lipids in US adults.

Bleys J ，Navas-Acien A ，Stranges S ，Menke A ，Miller ER 3rd ，Guallar E ... -  《-》

Serum selenium concentrations and diabetes in U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004.

Laclaustra M ，Navas-Acien A ，Stranges S ，Ordovas JM ，Guallar E ... -  《-》

Is selenium intake associated with the presence of depressive symptoms among US adults? Findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014.

This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional association between dietary and serum selenium measures and depressive symptoms among a nationally representative sample of US adults. Dietary selenium intake and serum selenium concentration were evaluated on 7725 adult participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Participants' selenium intake, assessed by 24-h recall, was classified based on the recommended dietary allowance (dietary selenium intake ≥ 55 μg/d) and estimated average requirement (dietary selenium intake ≥ 45 μg/d) criteria. Serum selenium and depressive symptoms were assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and a patient health questionnaire or use of an antidepressant, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, accounting for the complex survey design of NHANES, were employed to estimate the cross-sectional association between measures of selenium and the presence of depressive symptoms. The median selenium concentration was 193.9 µg/L (interquartile range = 179.3-209.3). Approximately 8% of the participants met the case definition for depressive symptoms. Based on the recommended dietary allowance of selenium, participants not meeting the recommended dietary intake, compared with those meeting the requirement, had higher odds of depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-2.38). When analyzing by quintile of dietary selenium intakes, compared with the first quintile, participants in higher quintiles had significantly lower odds of depressive symptoms. However, based on quintiles of serum selenium and using the first quintile as referent category, except for quintile 3, results indicated a higher but not significant association (quintile 2 [OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.73-1.61], quintile 4 [OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.89-1.55], and quintile 5 [OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.83-1.58]). Power analysis indicated sufficient power. Notably, study participants had a very high serum selenium concentration. The findings, although not significant, between serum selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms had a U-shaped association, supported by the current literature. Our study supports an inverse association between participants recommended dietary intake of selenium and depressive symptoms. Although results were not statistically significant for the association by quartile of serum selenium concentrations and depressive symptoms, a U-shaped association was identified.

Ghimire S ，Baral BK ，Feng D ，Sy FS ，Rodriguez R ... -  《-》

Higher Levels of Blood Selenium are Associated with Higher Levels of Serum Lipid Profile in US Adults with CKD: Results from NHANES 2013-2018.

The association between selenium (Se) and lipid profile has been controversial in different populations, and the aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between Se and lipid profile in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). A total of 861 US adult patients with CKD (male: female = 404:457) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We used smoothing spline plots and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses to elucidate the relationships between blood Se and lipid profile. Multivariate adjusted smoothing spline plots showed that higher levels of blood Se were associated with higher levels of serum remnant cholesterol (RC), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Threshold and saturation effects were also observed between serum RC, TC, TG, LDL-C, and blood Se. In multivariate binary logistic regression analyses, the fully adjusted model showed that as blood Se increases by every 1 µg/L, the OR of high RC, high TG and high LDL-C in patients was 1.012 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.023 P = 0.046), 1.011 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.021 P = 0.043) and 1.009 (95% CI: 1.003, 1.016 P = 0.012), respectively. Furthermore, stratified analyses showed that the associations between blood Se and high RC/high TG were significantly stronger in patients aged < 65 years. Higher levels of blood Se were associated with increased serum lipid profile levels and increased risk of high RC, high TC, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C dyslipidemia in adult patients with CKD in the US. However, the real associations between blood Se and lipid profiles in this population should be verified in future prospective and randomized trials.

Li Z ，Lai J ，Wen L ，Chen Q ，Tan R ，Zhong X ，Liu Y ，Liu Y ... -  《-》