SCOPA-sleep and PDSS: two scales for assessment of sleep disorder in Parkinson's disease.

This study evaluated the comparative validity and usefulness of the Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS) and the Scales for Outcomes in PD-Sleep Scale (SCOPA-S), two disease-specific rating scales for assessing sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD). Hoehn and Yahr staging (HY), SCOPA-Motor, Mini-Mental State Examination, Clinical Impression of Severity Index for PD, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, EuroQoL, and SCOPA-Psychosocial, in addition to PDSS and SCOPA-S (night-time sleep (NS) and daytime sleepiness (DS) subscales), were applied to 187 consecutive PD patients. PDSS and SCOPA-S proved similar in acceptability, scaling assumptions, precision, and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82-0.84). Factor analysis revealed five separate factors for PDSS (67% of the variance) and one factor for each SCOPA-S subscale (60% of the variance for NS and 57% for DS). Correlation coefficient between PDSS and SCOPA-S NS was -0.60. Sleep scales correlated moderately with mood, low-to-moderate with HRQoL, and low with the rest of measures. PDSS and SCOPA-S DS discriminated between patients grouped by HY severity levels and disease duration. Cutoff points of 82/83 for PDSS and 6/7 for SCOPA-S NS were drawn to identify PD patients with sleep problems. Depression/anxiety scores explained 26% for PDSS and 22% for SCOPA-S NS scores. Both scales provide valid, reliable, and useful means to evaluate sleep disorders in PD. PDSS may be used to obtain a profile about potential causes of "bad sleep," but is barely useful to assess DS, whereas SCOPA-S assesses nocturnal sleep disorders and daytime somnolence at a similar extent, without exploring the potential causes.

Martinez-Martin P ，Visser M ，Rodriguez-Blazquez C ，Marinus J ，Chaudhuri KR ，van Hilten JJ ，SCOPA-Propark Group ，ELEP Group ... -  《-》

[A pilot study on a specific measure for sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease: SCOPA-Sleep].

Martínez-Martín P ，Cubo-Delgado E ，Aguilar-Barberà M ，Bergareche A ，Escalante S ，Rojo A ，Campdelacreu J ，Frades-Payo B ，Arroyo S ，Grupo ELEP ... -  《REVISTA DE NEUROLOGIA》

[Psychometric attributes of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease-Psychosocial (SCOPA-PS): validation in Spain and review].

Martínez-Martín P ，Carroza-García E ，Frades-Payo B ，Rodríguez-Blázquez C ，Forjaz MJ ，de Pedro-Cuesta J ，Grupo ELEP ... -  《-》

Psychometric attributes of the SCOPA-COG Brazilian version.

Cross-cultural adaptation and independent psychometric assessment of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's disease-Cognition (SCOPA-COG), Brazilian version was performed. Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were evaluated by means of the SCOPA-Motor scale, Hoehn and Yahr staging (HY), Clinical Impression of Severity Index-PD (CISI-PD), Parkinson Psychosis Rating Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Cognition was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ), and SCOPA-COG. The following attributes were explored: acceptability, scaling assumptions, reliability, precision, and construct validity. One hundred fifty-two patients were assessed (mean age, 63.2 years; disease duration, 7.8 years; median HY stage, 3). Mean SCOPA-COG and MMSE were 18.2 and 25.7, respectively. The internal consistency of the SCOPA-COG (Cronbach's alpha = 0.81; item-total correlation, 0.38-0.62) was satisfactory. While the intraclass correlation coefficient value was 0.80, weighted kappa ranged from 0.30 (dice task) to 0.72 (animal fluency task). The standard error of measurement value for the SCOPA-COG was 3.2, whereas the smallest real difference was 8.9. SCOPA-COG total scores significantly decreased as the HY stage increased (Kruskal-Wallis, P < 0.0001). Age, years of education, and PD duration (all, P < 0.001) were observed to have an independent, significant effect on the SCOPA-COG. The SCOPA-COG is a short, reliable, valid instrument that is sensitive to cognitive deficits specific to PD.

Carod-Artal FJ ，Martínez-Martin P ，Kummer W ，Ribeiro Lda S ... -  《-》

International study on the psychometric attributes of the non-motor symptoms scale in Parkinson disease.

Martinez-Martin P ，Rodriguez-Blazquez C ，Abe K ，Bhattacharyya KB ，Bloem BR ，Carod-Artal FJ ，Prakash R ，Esselink RA ，Falup-Pecurariu C ，Gallardo M ，Mir P ，Naidu Y ，Nicoletti A ，Sethi K ，Tsuboi Y ，van Hilten JJ ，Visser M ，Zappia M ，Chaudhuri KR ... -  《-》