Integrative analysis of gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in cynomolgus monkeys with spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota (GM) is clearly associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the underlying mechanism of GM dysbiosis participates the onset of T2DM is not fully understood. The spontaneous T2DM cynomolgus monkeys are a powerful model for understanding the pathological mechanism of T2DM. Fecal samples were collected from 7 spontaneous T2DM cynomolgus monkeys and 7 healthy controls matched with similar age for multi-omics analysis, including shotgun metagenomic sequencing, untargeted metabolomics profiling, and targeted metabolomics focusing on short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Lastly, the correlation network between differential gut microbial species and fecal metabolites was performed to explore the potential biomarkers of T2DM. We found that 17 low-abundance species showed significant differences between the two groups. Analysis of gut microbial functions revealed that 16 KEGG pathways and 51 KEGG modules were significantly different in the two groups. Meanwhile, 276 fecal DEMs were identified, and these DEMs were enriched in the KEGG pathways, including Nucleotide metabolism, ABC transporters, Purine metabolism and so on. Lastly, Spearman correlation network analysis showed that the species of Anaerostipes_hadrus and Lachnoanaerobaculum_umeaense, and the metabolites including Glycerophospho-N-palmitoyl ethanolamine and 2-Hydroxycinnamic acid might serve as potential biomarkers of T2DM. Our study provides novel insights into specific alterations in the GM composition, gene functions, and fecal metabolic profiles in spontaneous T2DM cynomolgus monkeys.

Tian C ，Yang Q ，Lv H ，Yue F ... -  《-》

Altered gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in community-acquired pneumonia: a metagenomic and metabolomic study.

Zhang F ，Luan J ，Suo L ，Wang H ，Zhao Y ，Sun T ，Ni Y ，Cao H ，Zou X ，Liu B ... -  《Microbiology Spectrum》

Changes in the gut microbiota and derived fecal metabolites may play a role in tacrolimus-induced diabetes in mice.

Qian M ，Jiang Z ，Xu C ，Wang L ，Hu N ... -  《-》

Characteristic alterations of gut microbiota and serum metabolites in patients with chronic tinnitus: a multi-omics analysis.

Wang J ，Xiang J-H ，Peng X-Y ，Liu M ，Sun L-J ，Zhang M ，Zhang L-Y ，Chen Z-B ，Tang Z-Q ，Cheng L ... -  《Microbiology Spectrum》

Landscapes of gut bacterial and fecal metabolic signatures and their relationship in severe preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease leading to maternal and perinatal morbidity. Hypertension and inflammation are the main characteristics of preeclampsia. Many factors can lead to hypertension and inflammation, including gut microbiota which plays an important role in hypertension and inflammation in humans. However, alterations to the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome, and their relationships in severe preeclampsia are not well known. This study aims to identify biomarkers significantly associated with severe preeclampsia and provide a knowledge base for treatments regulating the gut microbiome. In this study, fecal samples were collected from individuals with severe preeclampsia and healthy controls for shotgun metagenomic sequencing to evaluate changes in gut microbiota composition. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to validate the reliability of our shotgun metagenomic sequencing results. Additionally, untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed to measure fecal metabolome concentrations. We identified several Lactobacillaceae that were significantly enriched in the gut of healthy controls, including Limosilactobacillus fermentum, the key biomarker distinguishing severe preeclampsia from healthy controls. Limosilactobacillus fermentum was significantly associated with shifts in KEGG Orthology (KO) genes and KEGG pathways of the gut microbiome in severe preeclampsia, such as flagellar assembly. Untargeted fecal metabolome analysis found that severe preeclampsia had higher concentrations of Phenylpropanoate and Agmatine. Increased concentrations of Phenylpropanoate and Agmatine were associated with the abundance of Limosilactobacillus fermentum. Furthermore, all metabolites with higher abundances in healthy controls were enriched in the arginine and proline metabolism pathway. Our research indicates that changes in metabolites, possibly due to the gut microbe Limosilactobacillus fermentum, can contribute to the development of severe preeclampsia. This study provides insights into the interaction between gut microbiome and fecal metabolites and offers a basis for improving severe preeclampsia by modulating the gut microbiome.

Liu X ，Zeng X ，Li X ，Xin S ，Zhang F ，Liu F ，Zeng Y ，Wu J ，Zou Y ，Xiong X ... -  《-》