Association of ultra-processed food intake with severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study of 143073 UK Biobank participants.

Previous studies indicate a link between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and unhealthy dietary patterns or nutrient intake. However, it remains unclear whether ultra-processed foods (UPF) contribute to an increased risk of NAFLD. This study aimed to explore how ultra-processed food consumption correlates with severe NAFLD using the UK Biobank data. This prospective cohort study included 143,073 participants from the UK Biobank. UPF consumption levels were determined using the NOVA classification and quantified from 24-h dietary recall data. The association between UPF consumption and severe NAFLD (hospitalization or death) was initially examined using Cox proportional hazards models with intake quartiles. Nonlinear associations were investigated using penalized cubic splines fitted in the Cox proportional hazards models. Adjustments were made for general characteristics, sociodemographic factors, body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle. Throughout the median follow-up period of 10.5 years, 1,445 participants developed severe NAFLD. The adjusted models indicated a significant increase in severe NAFLD risk in higher UPF intake groups compared to the lowest quartile (HR: 1.26 [95% CI: 1.11-1.43]). Subgroup analysis revealed that individuals with a BMI of 25 or higher were at greater risk in the highest quartile of UPF consumption. Sensitivity analyses yielded results consistent with these findings. Higher consumption of UPF is associated with an increased risk of severe NAFLD. Reducing the intake of UPF can be a potential approach to lower the risk of NAFLD.

Zhang YF ，Qiao W ，Zhuang J ，Feng H ，Zhang Z ，Zhang Y ... -  《-》

Higher ultra-processed food intake is associated with adverse liver outcomes: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank participants.

Zhao L ，Clay-Gilmour A ，Zhang J ，Zhang X ，Steck SE ... -  《-》

Association between ultra-processed foods consumption and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based analysis of NHANES 2011-2018.

Liu Z ，Huang H ，Zeng Y ，Chen Y ，Xu C ... -  《-》

Ultra-processed food consumption and type 2 diabetes incidence: A prospective cohort study.

Ultra-processed foods account for more than 50% of daily calories consumed in several high-income countries, with sales of ultra-processed foods soaring globally, especially in middle-income countries. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a UK-based prospective cohort study. Participants of the UK Biobank (2007-2019) aged 40-69 years without diabetes at recruitment who provided 24-h dietary recall and follow-up data were included. UPFs were defined using the NOVA food classification. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between UPF consumption and the risk of T2D adjusting for socio-demographic, anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics. A total of 21,730 participants with a mean age of 55.8 years and mean UPF intake of 22.1% at baseline were included. During a mean follow-up of 5.4 years (116,956 person-years), 305 incident T2D cases were identified. In the fully adjusted model, compared with the group in the lowest quartile of UPF intake, the hazard ratio for T2D was 1.44, 1.04-2.02 in the group with the highest quartile of UPF consumption. A gradient of elevated risk of T2D associated with increasing quartiles of UPF intake was consistently observed (p value for trend < 0.028). A significantly increased risk of T2D was observed per 10 percentage points increment in UPF consumption ([adjusted HR]: 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.20). Our findings demonstrate that a diet high in UPFs is associated with a clinically important increased risk of T2D. Identifying and implementing effective public health actions to reduce UPF consumption in the UK and globally are urgently required.

Levy RB ，Rauber F ，Chang K ，Louzada MLDC ，Monteiro CA ，Millett C ，Vamos EP ... -  《-》

 Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of obesity: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank.

Rauber F ，Chang K ，Vamos EP ，da Costa Louzada ML ，Monteiro CA ，Millett C ，Levy RB ... -  《-》