Research Progress on Frailty in Elderly People.

Global aging is rapidly accelerating, which significantly influences the health systems worldwide. Frailty emerges as the most conspicuous hallmark of aging, imposing novel global health challenges. Characterized by a multifaceted decline across physiological system, frailty diminishes an individual's capacity to maintain equilibrium in the presence of stressors, which leads to adverse outcomes such as falls, delirium, and disability. Several screening tools and interventions have been developed to mitigate the harm caused by frailty to human health, but research on frailty in mainland China commences belatedly with scant studies conducted. Therefore, it is imperative to explore screening methods and treatment modalities tailored to the Chinese context, thereby enhancing the older adults' quality of life and advancing social medicine. This review aims to elucidate the evolution, diagnosis, and management of frailty, alongside the challenges it poses, with the overarching goal of guiding future diagnostic and therapeutic endeavors. Specifically, we summarized the mechanisms of frailty and intervention strategies in elderly people, and meanwhile, we evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of different measurement tools.

Liu X ，Yang X 《Clinical Interventions in Aging》

Screening for frailty and its association with activities of daily living, cognitive impairment, and falls among community-dwelling older adults in China.

Frailty is a prevalent geriatric condition that significantly impacts the health of older adults. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of frailty among older Chinese adults aged ≥ 65 years and to assess its association with adverse geriatric outcomes. This study included 20,724 older adults aged ≥ 65 years in Jiangsu Province, China, utilizing a random, stratified, multistage cluster sampling approach. Frailty was assessed using the 5-item FRAIL scale. Geriatric outcomes, such as independence in activities of daily living (ADL), cognitive impairment, and frequent fall events (occurring four or more times in the preceding year), were evaluated. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the association between frailty and geriatric outcomes, with results presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The mean age of the participants was 73.4 ± 6.4 years. The standardized prevalence of prefrailty and frailty was 35.2% and 10.3%, respectively. Individuals identified as prefrail or frail tended to live in rural areas, have lower educational levels, be widowed, have lower incomes, and engage in less physical activity. Prefrailty and frailty were associated with an increased risk of limitations in BADL (OR: 9.62, 95% CI: 7.43-12.46; and OR: 29.25, 95% CI: 22.42-38.17, respectively) and IADL (OR: 2.54, 95% CI 2.35-2.74; and OR: 5.19, 95% CI 4.66-5.78, respectively), positive cognitive impairment screening (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.16-1.31; and OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.56-1.91, respectively), and frequent falls (occurring four or more times in the preceding year) (OR: 3.38, 95% CI: 2.50-4.56; and OR: 8.37, 95% CI: 6.01-11.65). The association between frailty and both limitations in BADL and falls was notably more pronounced among the younger age groups (p for interaction < 0.001). According to the 5-item FRAIL scale, frailty was associated with limitations in BADLs and IADLs, positive cognitive impairment screening, and recent falls among older adults living in the community. Screening for frailty in younger age groups has the potential to prevent declines in physical function and falls.

Ji D ，Guo H ，Qiu S ，Dong L ，Shen Y ，Shen Z ，Xu J ... -  《BMC Geriatrics》

FRAILTOOLS study protocol: a comprehensive validation of frailty assessment tools to screen and diagnose frailty in different clinical and social settings and to provide instruments for integrated care in older adults.

Checa-López M ，Oviedo-Briones M ，Pardo-Gómez A ，Gonzales-Turín J ，Guevara-Guevara T ，Carnicero JA ，Alamo-Ascencio S ，Landi F ，Cesari M ，Grodzicki T ，Rodriguez-Mañas L ，FRAILTOOLS consortium ... -  《BMC Geriatrics》

Reducing Frailty to Promote Healthy Aging.

Frailty is a complex geriatric syndrome. Frail patients typically present with an array of multiple complex symptoms and significantly reduced tolerance for medical and surgical interventions. A multidomain approach is required to effectively treat/manage frailty.

Nwagwu VC ，Cigolle C ，Suh T 《-》

Description of 1,108 older patients referred by their physician to the "Geriatric Frailty Clinic (G.F.C) for Assessment of Frailty and Prevention of Disability" at the gerontopole.

Tavassoli N ，Guyonnet S ，Abellan Van Kan G ，Sourdet S ，Krams T ，Soto ME ，Subra J ，Chicoulaa B ，Ghisolfi A ，Balardy L ，Cestac P ，Rolland Y ，Andrieu S ，Nourhashemi F ，Oustric S ，Cesari M ，Vellas B ，Geriatric Frailty Clinic (G.F.C) for Assessment of Frailty and Prevention of Disability Team ... -  《-》