Identification of risk factors for adverse drug events in a general hospital.

Adverse events (AEs), and particularly adverse drug events (ADEs), represent a health problem as they can cause permanent damage or death. Understanding the frequency, location, and causes of ADEs can prevent harm to patients. The Global Trigger Tool, produced by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (GTT/IHI), is widely used to identify AEs. Recognizing the profile of patients who suffer ADEs can reveal clinical or individual characteristics that predispose to the occurrence of AEs. A cross-sectional study was carried out through a retrospective analysis of 120 medical charts of patients discharged from hospital between October 2020 and April 2021. Patients over 18 years old, with a length of stay of more than 24 h, were included. The list of triggers used was from the medication module of the GTT/IHI, which was adapted for use in the institution. Two primary reviewers and a medical reviewer applied this tool. The primary reviewers independently assessed the randomized charts. A meeting to achieve consensus among the reviewers was held every 2 weeks to validate the identified ADEs; classifications were based on harm severity. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to assess the variables that predicted the occurrence of ADEs, using the backward stepwise method. A total of 43 ADEs were identified, with a frequency of 36 per 100 admissions (43/120). Of these, five ADEs (12%) were responsible for patients being admitted to hospital. In the case of in-hospital ADEs, there were 42.2 per 1000 patients/day. The clinical manifestation of altered kidney function (16%) and the anatomical drug group of the nervous system (33%) were the most frequent ADEs. The multivariate logistic regression model was significant (×2 = 44.960, P < .001), indicating that factors such as: known drug allergy [odds ratio 5.728; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.249, 26.274, P = .025]; being clinically hospitalized (odds ratio 7.504; 95% CI: 1.654, 34.037; P = .009); number of medicines used (odds ratio 1.100; 95% CI: 1.054, 1.148; P < .001); and being under the care of internal medicine (odds ratio 3.633; 95% CI: 1.257, 10.511; P = .017) were predictor variables associated with the occurrence of ADEs. A significant percentage of hospitalized patients experienced at least one ADE, with rates surpassing those found in similar studies. The GTT/IHI effectively assessed medication-related harm, emphasizing the need for tailored triggers based on population characteristics. Predictor variables can inform preventive strategies. Overall, the tool facilitated a localized risk assessment of medication use.

Pisetta LM ，Tonin FZ ，Akiyoshi FK ，Santos FA ，Fernandes D ... -  《-》

Performance of the adverse drug event trigger tool and the global trigger tool for identifying adverse drug events: experience in a Belgian hospital.

Carnevali L ，Krug B ，Amant F ，Van Pee D ，Gérard V ，de Béthune X ，Spinewine A ... -  《-》

Establishing a trigger tool based on global trigger tools to identify adverse drug events in obstetric inpatients in China.

Wu S ，Yin Q ，Wu L ，Wu Y ，Yu N ，Yan J ，Bian Y ... -  《BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH》

Risk factors for hospital admissions associated with adverse drug events.

To identify predictors of hospital admissions associated with adverse drug events (ADEs) and to determine the preventability of ADEs in patients admitted to two hospitals. Prospective observational study. Medical admission units at two British National Health Service hospitals in the United Kingdom. 3904 adults age 16 years or older who were admitted to the two hospitals between June 2006 and November 2007. Clinical pharmacists identified hospital admissions associated with drug-related problems by using medical record review, supplemented by patient interview for those identified as having an ADE. The contribution of ADEs to hospital admission and the causality, severity, and preventability of the events were independently assessed by a multidisciplinary clinical team. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of hospital admissions associated with ADEs, and a maximum-likelihood multinomial model was used to examine predictors of the preventability of ADEs. Of the 3904 patients included in the analysis, 439 (11.2%) were judged by the review panel to have experienced ADEs. Of these, 209 patients (47.6%) experienced preventable ADEs. Four independent variables were found to have significant relationships with ADE admissions and preventability of ADEs: patient age, length of time since starting new drug, total number of prescription drugs, and hospital site. Drug classes most commonly associated with preventable ADEs were antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, diuretics (loop and thiazide diuretics), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and antiepileptic drugs. Adverse drug events are an important cause of hospital admission. Better systems for health care practitioners to identify patients at high risk of preventable hospital admissions associated with ADEs (e.g., age > 65 years old, receiving more than five drugs, and starting new high-risk drugs) should be implemented in order to minimize the risks to patients and the burden on the health care system.

Kongkaew C ，Hann M ，Mandal J ，Williams SD ，Metcalfe D ，Noyce PR ，Ashcroft DM ... -  《-》

Adverse drug events identified by triggers at a teaching hospital in Brazil.

Giordani F ，Rozenfeld S ，Martins M 《BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology》