Does social isolation predict the emergence of psychotic-like experiences? Results from the experience sampling method study.

Several studies have shown that social isolation and loneliness are associated with the occurrence of psychotic experiences. However, dynamics of these phenomena in people with subclinical experiences, commonly referred to as psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), remains largely unknown. Therefore, in this study we performed a temporal network analysis to model dynamic predictions between social isolation, loneliness, negative affect, social stress, and PLEs. A total of 77 drug-naïve individuals with PLEs from a transdiagnostic sample were enrolled. Data were obtained using the experience sampling method (ESM). The ESM questionnaires were delivered during 7 consecutive days (6 assessments per day). Therefore, 3234 data entries were analyzed. Social isolation predicted next-moment emergence of PLEs through the effects on loneliness and negative affect. Also, PLEs appeared to predict next-moment loneliness, but not social isolation, through the effects on negative affect. Social stress did not predict any variables in the network. However, it was predicted by previous-moment PLEs and social isolation. Negative affect had the highest in-strength and out-strength centrality. Findings from the present study indicate that social isolation might predict the emergence of PLEs through the effects of momentary loneliness and negative affect. Also, loneliness might be bidirectionally associated with PLEs. Interventions targeting negative affect and social isolation might be beneficial in people with PLEs.

Misiak B ，Kowalski K ，Bogudzińska B ，Piotrowski P ，Gelner H ，Gawęda Ł ，Grąźlewski T ，Samochowiec J ... -  《-》

Exploring the associations between momentary cortisol levels and psychotic-like experiences in young adults: Results from a temporal network analysis of daily-life data.

Grąźlewski T ，Samochowiec J ，Gelner H ，Gawęda Ł ，Bogudzińska B ，Kowalski K ，Piotrowski P ，Misiak B ... -  《-》

Poor sleep quality predicts psychotic-like symptoms: an experience sampling study in young adults with schizotypal traits.

Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are unusual experiences such as perceptual abnormalities and delusional-like thoughts that resemble the symptoms of psychosis at the sub-clinical level. PLEs are associated with sleep complaints in healthy and clinical samples; however, evidence for day-to-day associations between poor sleep and subsequent PLEs under naturalistic conditions is scarce. We hypothesized that poor sleep quality would predict next days' PLEs, and vice versa, daytime PLEs would be associated with worse subsequent sleep quality. Seventy-three university students with moderate to high levels of positive schizotypy participated in an experience sampling study. Participants rated their sleep each morning, as well as PLEs and affective states during the day over 3 weeks. Multilevel regression models indicated that poor sleep quality predicted increased PLEs the following day. Poor sleep was linked to negative daytime mood that partially mediated the associations between sleep quality and next days' PLEs. Furthermore, PLEs were enhanced in the evening as compared to daytime reports. The prediction of poor sleep quality by previous days' PLEs was negligible. The results are consistent with the position that sleep-related interventions might reduce the risk of psychosis, especially in individuals that tend to experience psychotic-like phenomena and negative affect.

Simor P ，Báthori N ，Nagy T ，Polner B ... -  《-》

The cross-lagged relationship between loneliness, social support, and psychotic-like experiences in young adults.

Tan M ，Barkus E ，Favelle S 《-》

The temporal association between social isolation, distress, and psychotic experiences in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis.

Akcaoglu Z ，Vaessen T ，Velthorst E ，Lafit G ，Achterhof R ，Nelson B ，McGorry P ，Schirmbeck F ，EU-GEI High Risk Study ，Morgan C ，Hartmann J ，van der Gaag M ，de Haan L ，Valmaggia L ，McGuire P ，Kempton M ，Steinhart H ，Klippel A ，Viechtbauer W ，Batink T ，van Winkel R ，van Amelsvoort T ，Marcelis M ，van Aubel E ，Reininghaus U ，Myin-Germeys I ... -  《-》