Insomnia with objective but not subjective short sleep duration is associated with incident cardiovascular and/or cerebrovascular disease.

Insomnia with objective short sleep duration (ISSD) has been associated with cardiometabolic outcomes (ie, hypertension or diabetes). We examined whether ISSD, based on objective or subjective sleep measures, is associated with more serious health problems, such as incident cardiovascular and/or cerebrovascular disease (CBVD). 1,258 men and women from the Penn State Adult Cohort (56.9% women, aged 48.3 ± 12.95 years) without CBVD at baseline were followed up for 9.21 ± 4.08 years. The presence of CBVD was defined as a history of diagnosis or treatment of heart disease and/or stroke. Insomnia was defined as a complaint of insomnia with a duration ≥ 1 year. Poor sleep was defined as a complaint of difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, nonrestorative sleep, or early morning awakening. Objective short sleep duration was defined as < 6 hours' sleep based on polysomnography. Subjective short sleep duration was based on the median self-reported percentage of sleep time (ie, < 7 hours). Compared with normal sleepers with normal sleep duration, the highest risk of incident CBVD was in the ISSD group (odds ratio = 2.46, 95% confidence interval = 1.04-5.79), and the second highest was in normal sleepers with short sleep duration (odds ratio = 1.68, 95% confidence interval = 1.11-2.54). The risk of incident CBVD was not significantly increased in poor sleepers or those with insomnia with normal sleep duration. Finally, insomnia with subjective short sleep duration was not associated with increased incident CBVD. These data add to the cumulative evidence that ISSD, based on objective but not subjective measures, is the more severe biological phenotype of the disorder associated with incident CBVD. Pejovic S, Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J, et al. Insomnia with objective but not subjective short sleep duration is associated with incident cardiovascular and/or cerebrovascular disease. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20(7):1049-1057.

Pejovic S ，Vgontzas AN ，Fernandez-Mendoza J ，He F ，Li Y ，Karataraki M ，Bixler EO ... -  《-》

Insomnia with objective, but not subjective, short sleep duration is associated with increased risk of incident hypertension: the Sleep Heart Health Study.

Insomnia with objective short sleep duration has been associated with higher risk of cardiometabolic morbidity. In this study, we examined the association between insomnia with objective short sleep duration, also based on subjective sleep duration, with incident hypertension in the Sleep Heart Health Study. We analyzed data from 1,413 participants free of hypertension or sleep apnea at baseline from the Sleep Heart Health Study, with a median follow-up duration of 5.1 years. Insomnia symptoms were defined based on difficulty falling asleep, difficulty returning to sleep, early morning awakening, or sleeping pill use more than half the days in a month. Objective short sleep duration was defined as polysomnography-measured total sleep time < 6 hours. Incident hypertension was defined based on blood pressure measures and/or use of antihypertensive medications at follow-up. Individuals with insomnia who slept objectively < 6 hours had significantly higher odds of incident hypertension compared to normal sleepers who slept ≥ 6 hours (odds ratio = 2.00, 95% confidence interval = 1.09-3.65) or < 6 hours (odds ratio = 2.00, 95% confidence interval = 1.06-3.79) or individuals with insomnia who slept ≥ 6 hours (odds ratio = 2.79, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-6.30). Individuals with insomnia who slept ≥ 6 hours or normal sleepers who slept < 6 hours were not associated with increased risk of incident hypertension compared to normal sleepers who slept ≥ 6 hours. Finally, individuals with insomnia who self-reported sleeping < 6 hours were not associated with significantly increased odds of incident hypertension. These data further support that the insomnia with objective short sleep duration phenotype based on objective, but not subjective measures, is associated with increased risk of developing hypertension in adults. Dai Y, Chen B, Chen L, et al. Insomnia with objective, but not subjective, short sleep duration is associated with increased risk of incident hypertension: the Sleep Heart Health Study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(8):1421-1428.

Dai Y ，Chen B ，Chen L ，Vgontzas AN ，Fernandez-Mendoza J ，Karataraki M ，Tang X ，Li Y ... -  《-》

Insomnia with objective short sleep duration and incident hypertension: the Penn State Cohort.

Fernandez-Mendoza J ，Vgontzas AN ，Liao D ，Shaffer ML ，Vela-Bueno A ，Basta M ，Bixler EO ... -  《-》

Interplay of Objective Sleep Duration and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases on Cause-Specific Mortality.

Fernandez-Mendoza J ，He F ，Vgontzas AN ，Liao D ，Bixler EO ... -  《-》

Age-related differences in the association of mild-to-moderate sleep apnea with incident cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Vgontzas AN ，He F ，Fernandez-Mendoza J ，Karagkouni E ，Pejovic S ，Karataraki M ，Li Y ，Bixler EO ... -  《-》