Demographic, Clinical, Management, and Outcome Characteristics of 8,004 Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes.

To compare demographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of children with type 1 diabetes age <6 years across three international registries: Diabetes Prospective Follow-Up Registry (DPV; Europe), T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Network (T1DX-QI; U.S.), and Australasian Diabetes Data Network (ADDN; Australasia). An analysis was conducted comparing 2019-2021 prospective registry data from 8,004 children. Mean ± SD ages at diabetes diagnosis were 3.2 ± 1.4 (DPV and ADDN) and 3.7 ± 1.8 years (T1DX-QI). Mean ± SD diabetes durations were 1.4 ± 1.3 (DPV), 1.4 ± 1.6 (T1DX-QI), and 1.5 ± 1.3 years (ADDN). BMI z scores were in the overweight range in 36.2% (DPV), 41.8% (T1DX-QI), and 50.0% (ADDN) of participants. Mean ± SD HbA1c varied among registries: DPV 7.3 ± 0.9% (56 ± 10 mmol/mol), T1DX-QI 8.0 ± 1.4% (64 ± 16 mmol/mol), and ADDN 7.7 ± 1.2% (61 ± 13 mmol/mol). Overall, 37.5% of children achieved the target HbA1c of <7.0% (53 mmol/mol): 43.6% in DPV, 25.5% in T1DX-QI, and 27.5% in ADDN. Use of diabetes technologies such as insulin pump (DPV 86.6%, T1DX 46.6%, and ADDN 39.2%) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM; DPV 85.1%, T1DX-QI 57.6%, and ADDN 70.5%) varied among registries. Use of hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems was uncommon (from 0.5% [ADDN] to 6.9% [DPV]). Across three major registries, more than half of children age <6 years did not achieve the target HbA1c of <7.0% (53 mmol/mol). CGM was used by most participants, whereas insulin pump use varied across registries, and HCL system use was rare. The differences seen in glycemia and use of diabetes technologies among registries require further investigation to determine potential contributing factors and areas to target to improve the care of this vulnerable group.

Sandy JL ，Tittel SR ，Rompicherla S ，Karges B ，James S ，Rioles N ，Zimmerman AG ，Fröhlich-Reiterer E ，Maahs DM ，Lanzinger S ，Craig ME ，Ebekozien O ，Australasian Diabetes Data Network (ADDN) ，T1D Exchanged Quality Improvement Collaborative (T1DX-QI) ，Prospective Diabetes Follow-Up Registry Initiative (DPV) ... -  《-》

Contrasting the clinical care and outcomes of 2,622 children with type 1 diabetes less than 6 years of age in the United States T1D Exchange and German/Austrian DPV registries.

Maahs DM ，Hermann JM ，DuBose SN ，Miller KM ，Heidtmann B ，DiMeglio LA ，Rami-Merhar B ，Beck RW ，Schober E ，Tamborlane WV ，Kapellen TM ，Holl RW ，DPV Initiative ，T1D Exchange Clinic Network ... -  《-》

Temporal Changes in Hemoglobin A1c and Diabetes Technology Use in DPV, NPDA, and T1DX Pediatric Cohorts from 2010 to 2018.

Lal RA ，Robinson H ，Lanzinger S ，Miller KM ，Pons Perez S ，Kovacic R ，Calhoun P ，Campbell F ，Naeke A ，Maahs DM ，Holl RW ，Warner J ... -  《-》

Use of insulin pump therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and its impact on metabolic control: comparison of results from three large, transatlantic paediatric registries.

Sherr JL ，Hermann JM ，Campbell F ，Foster NC ，Hofer SE ，Allgrove J ，Maahs DM ，Kapellen TM ，Holman N ，Tamborlane WV ，Holl RW ，Beck RW ，Warner JT ，T1D Exchange Clinic Network, the DPV Initiative, and the National Paediatric Diabetes Audit and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health registries ... -  《-》

Prevalence of Celiac Disease in 52,721 Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: International Comparison Across Three Continents.

Celiac disease (CD) has a recognized association with type 1 diabetes. We examined international differences in CD prevalence and clinical characteristics of youth with coexisting type 1 diabetes and CD versus type 1 diabetes only. Data sources were as follows: the Prospective Diabetes Follow-up Registry (DPV) (Germany/Austria); the T1D Exchange Clinic Network (T1DX) (U.S.); the National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA) (U.K. [England/Wales]); and the Australasian Diabetes Data Network (ADDN) (Australia). The analysis included 52,721 youths <18 years of age with a clinic visit between April 2013 and March 2014. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were constructed to analyze the relationship between outcomes (HbA1c, height SD score [SDS], overweight/obesity) and type 1 diabetes/CD versus type 1 diabetes, adjusting for sex, age, and diabetes duration. Biopsy-confirmed CD was present in 1,835 youths (3.5%) and was diagnosed at a median age of 8.1 years (interquartile range 5.3-11.2 years). Diabetes duration at CD diagnosis was <1 year in 37% of youths, >1-2 years in 18% of youths, >3-5 years in 23% of youths, and >5 years in 17% of youths. CD prevalence ranged from 1.9% in the T1DX to 7.7% in the ADDN and was higher in girls than boys (4.3% vs. 2.7%, P < 0.001). Children with coexisting CD were younger at diabetes diagnosis compared with those with type 1 diabetes only (5.4 vs. 7.0 years of age, P < 0.001) and fewer were nonwhite (15 vs. 18%, P < 0.001). Height SDS was lower in those with CD (0.36 vs. 0.48, adjusted P < 0.001) and fewer were overweight/obese (34 vs. 37%, adjusted P < 0.001), whereas mean HbA1c values were comparable: 8.3 ± 1.5% (67 ± 17 mmol/mol) versus 8.4 ± 1.6% (68 ± 17 mmol/mol). CD is a common comorbidity in youth with type 1 diabetes. Differences in CD prevalence may reflect international variation in screening and diagnostic practices, and/or CD risk. Although glycemic control was not different, the lower height SDS supports close monitoring of growth and nutrition in this population.

Craig ME ，Prinz N ，Boyle CT ，Campbell FM ，Jones TW ，Hofer SE ，Simmons JH ，Holman N ，Tham E ，Fröhlich-Reiterer E ，DuBose S ，Thornton H ，King B ，Maahs DM ，Holl RW ，Warner JT ，Australasian Diabetes Data Network (ADDN) ，T1D Exchange Clinic Network (T1DX) ，National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA) and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health ，Prospective Diabetes Follow-up Registry (DPV) initiative ... -  《-》