Banxia Xiexin Decoction Alleviated Cerebral Glucose Metabolism Disorder by Regulating Intestinal Microbiota in APP/PS1 Mice.

To identify whether Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXD) alleviates cerebral glucose metabolism disorder by intestinal microbiota regulation in APP/PS1 mice. Forty-five 3-month-old male APP/PS1 mice were divided into 3 groups using a random number table (n=15 per group), including a model group (MG), a liraglutide group (LG) and a BXD group (BG). Fifteen 3-month-old male C57BL/6J wild-type mice were used as the control group (CG). Mice in the BG were administered BXD granules by gavage at a dose of 6 g/(kg•d) for 3 months, while mice in the LG were injected intraperitoneally once daily with Liraglutide Injection (25 nmol/kg) for 3 months. Firstly, liquid chromatography with tandem-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the active components of BXD granules and the medicated serum of BXD. Then, the cognitive deficits, Aβ pathological change and synaptic plasticity markers, including synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), were measured in APP/PS1 mice. Brain glucose uptake was detected by micropositron emission tomography. Intestinal microbial constituents were detected by 16S rRNA sequencing. The levels of intestinal glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and cerebral GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), as well as the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (PI3K/Akt/GSK3β) insulin signaling pathway were determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and Western blot analysis, respectively. BXD ameliorated cognitive deficits and Aβ pathological features (P<0.01). The expressions of SYP and PSD95 in the BG were higher than those in the MG (P<0.01). Brain glucose uptake in the BG was higher than that in the MG (P<0.01). The intestinal microbial composition in the BG was partially reversed. The levels of intestinal GLP-1 in the BG were higher than those in the MG (P<0.01). Compared with the MG, the expression levels of hippocampal GLP-1R, Akt, PI3K and p-PI3K in the BG were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the levels of GSK3β were reduced (P<0.01). BXD exhibited protective effects against Alzheimer's disease by regulating the gut microbiota/GLP-1/GLP-1R, enhancing PI3K/Akt/GSK3β insulin signaling pathway, and improving brain glucose metabolism.

Gao CY ，Qin GF ，Zheng MC ，Tian MJ ，He YN ，Wang PW ... -  《-》

[Effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction on TREM2/Akt/GSK3β pathway in cerebral cortex of APP/PS1 transgenic mice].

Wang RF ，Song JY ，Zhao HD ，Jia YQ ，Yuan Y ，Ding R ，Wang MF ，Zhang ZQ ... -  《-》

Banxia Xiexin decoction modulates gut microbiota and gut microbiota metabolism to alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis.

Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its potential mechanism of action is still unclear. Reveal the correlation between the beneficial impacts of BXD on UC and the composition of the gut microbiota. The major constituents of BXD were identified using the HPLC-DAD technique. An experimental model of UC was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by administering dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). A total of 48 mice were divided into different groups, including control, model, high-dose BXD treatment, medium-dose BXD treatment, low-dose BXD treatment, and a group treated with 5-amino acid salicylic acid (5-ASA). Body weight changes and disease activity index (DAI) scores were documented; colon length, colon index, spleen index, and thymus index scores were determined; myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) activities were assessed; and histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin and alcian blue/phosphate Schiff was performed. The immunofluorescence technique was employed to examine the presence of ZO-1 and occludin in the colon tissue. 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to assess the gut microbiota's diversity and metabolomics was utilized to examine alterations in metabolites within the gut microbiota. The impact of BXD on the gut microbiota was confirmed through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). BXD exhibited a positive impact on UC mice, particularly in the high-dose BXD treatment group. The BXD group experienced weight recovery, decreased DAI scores, improved colon length, and restored of spleen and thymus index scores compared to the DSS group. Additionally, BXD alleviated colon damage and the inflammatory response while restoring intestinal barrier function. FMT in BXD-treated mice also showed therapeutic effects in UC mice. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota, Deferribacterota and Actinobacteriota increased; at the genus level, g__norank__f__Muribaculaceae, Dubosiella, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus increased, whereas Faecalibaculum, Alloprevotella, Turicibacter, and g_Paraprevotella decreased. g__norank_f__Muribaculaceae was positively correlated with body weight and colon length and negatively with colon index scores, splenic index scores, and MPO levels; Alloprevotella was positively correlated with splenic index scores, histological scores, and TNF-α levels and negatively with thymus index scores and thymus index scores. Faecalibaculum was positively correlated with colon index scores and MPO levels. Metabolic investigations revealed 58 potential indicators, primarily associated with the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and lipids. Alloprevotella, g_Paraprevotella, and Bifidobacterium were strongly associated with metabolic pathways. BXD showed beneficial therapeutic effects in UC mice. The mechanism may be by promoting the balance and variety of gut microbiota, as well as regulating the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and lipids.

Luo Y ，Fu S ，Liu Y ，Kong S ，Liao Q ，Lin L ，Li H ... -  《-》

Effect of Chinese herbal compound GAPT on the early brain glucose metabolism of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Mana L ，Feng H ，Dong Y ，Wang Y ，Shi J ，Tian J ，Wang P ... -  《-》

Banxia Xiexin decoction ameliorated cognition via the regulation of insulin pathways and glucose transporters in the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.

Chen F ，He Y ，Wang P ，Wei P ，Feng H ，Rao Y ，Shi J ，Tian J ... -  《-》