Comparing the salinity tolerance of twenty different wheat genotypes on the basis of their physiological and biochemical parameters under NaCl stress.

The climate has drastically changed over the past two decades. Rising temperatures and climate change may lead to increased evapotranspiration, specifically soil evaporation, causing water to evaporate and salt to accumulate in the soil, resulting in increased soil salinity. As a result, there is a need to evaluate methods for predicting and monitoring the effects of salinity on crop growth and production through rapid screening. Our study was conducted on 20 wheat genotypes, 10 sensitive and 10 tolerant, exposed to two salinity levels (90 and 120 mM NaCl) with the control under greenhouse conditions. Our results revealed significant differences in the genotypes' response to salinity. Salt stress decreased chlorophyll index in sensitive genotypes but increased chlorophyll a and carotenoids in tolerant genotypes at 90 mM. Salt stress also increased protein, proline, lipoxygenase, and reactive thiobarbituric acid levels in all wheat genotypes. The study suggests that plant photosynthetic efficiency is a reliable, non-destructive biomarker for determining the salt tolerance of wheat genotypes, while other biochemical traits are destructive and time-consuming and therefore not suitable for rapid screening.

Masarmi AG ，Solouki M ，Fakheri B ，Kalaji HM ，Mahgdingad N ，Golkari S ，Telesiński A ，Lamlom SF ，Kociel H ，Yousef AF ... -  《PLoS One》

Differences in physiological and biochemical characteristics in response to single and combined drought and salinity stresses between wheat genotypes differing in salt tolerance.

The combined drought and salinity stresses pose a serious challenge for crop production, but the physiological mechanisms behind the stresses responses in wheat remains poorly understood. Greenhouse pot experiment was performed to study differences in genotype response to the single and combined (D + S) stresses of drought (4% soil moisture, D) and salinity (100 mM NaCl, S) using two wheat genotypes: Jimai22 (salt tolerant) and Yangmai20 (salt-sensitive). Results showed that salinity, drought and/or D + S severely reduces plant growth, biomass and net photosynthetic rate, with a greater effect observed in Yangmai20 than Jimai22. A notable improvement in water use efficiency (WUE) by 239, 77 and 103% under drought, salinity and D + S, respectively, was observed in Jimai22. Moreover, Jimai22 recorded higher root K+ concentration in drought and salinity stressed condition and shoot K+ under salinity alone than that of Yangmai20. Jimai22 showed lower increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, but higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and guaicol peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), under single and combined stresses, and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) under single stress. Our results suggest that high tolerance of Jimai22 in both drought and D + S stresses is closely associated with larger root length, higher Fv/Fm and less MDA contents and improved capacity of SOD and POD. Moreover, under drought Jimai22 tolerance is firmly related to higher root K+ concentration level and low level of Na+ , high-net photosynthetic rate and WUE as well as increased CAT and APX activities to scavenge reactive oxygen species.

Dugasa MT ，Cao F ，Ibrahim W ，Wu F ... -  《-》

Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Salinity Resistance of Three Durum Wheat Genotypes.

Pastuszak J ，Dziurka M ，Hornyák M ，Szczerba A ，Kopeć P ，Płażek A ... -  《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES》

Detection of genetic divergence among some wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using molecular and biochemical indicators under salinity stress.

Gowayed SMH ，Abd El-Moneim D 《-》

Discerning morpho-anatomical, physiological and molecular multiformity in cultivated and wild genotypes of lentil with reconciliation to salinity stress.

Singh D ，Singh CK ，Kumari S ，Singh Tomar RS ，Karwa S ，Singh R ，Singh RB ，Sarkar SK ，Pal M ... -  《PLoS One》