Trends and disparities in disease burden of age-related macular degeneration from 1990 to 2019: Results from the global burden of disease study 2019.
This study aims to estimate the trends and disparities in the worldwide burden for health of AMD, overall and by age, sex, socio-demographic index (SDI), region, and nation using prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019.
This retrospective study presents the prevalent AMD cases and YLDs from 1990-2019, as well as the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized YLD rate (ASYR) of AMD. To measure changes over time, estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of the age-standardized rates (ASRs) were analyzed globally, then studied further by sex, SDI, region, and nation. We included data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database to examine AMD prevalence and YLDs from 1990-2019 in 204 countries and territories, as well as demographic information such as age, sex, SDI, region, and nation.
Globally, the number of prevalent AMD cases increased from 3,581,329.17 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 3,025,619.4-4,188,835.7) in 1990 to 7,792,530 (95% UI, 6,526,081.5-9,159,394.9) in 2019, and the number of YLDs increased from 296,771.93 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 205,462.8-418,699.82) in 1990 to 564,055.1 (95% UI, 392,930.7-789,194.64) in 2019. The ASPR of AMD had a decreased trend with an EAPC of -0.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.2 to -0.11) from 1990 to 2019, and the ASYR of AMD showed a decreased trend with an EAPC of -0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.78 to -0.65) during this period. The prevalence and YLDs of AMD in adults over 50 years of age showed a significant increase. The prevalence and YLDs of AMD were significantly higher in females than males, overall. The ASPRs and ASYRs in low SDI regions was greater than in high SDI regions from 1990 to 2019. In addition, increases in prevalence and YLDs differed by regions and nations, as well as level of socio-economic development.
The number of prevalent cases and YLDs due to AMD increased over 30 years and were directly linked to age, sex, socio-economic status, and geographic location. These findings can not only guide public health work but also provide an epidemiological basis for global strategy formulation regarding this global health challenge.
Jiang B
，Jiang C
，Li J
，Lu P
... -
《Frontiers in Public Health》
Variations and trends in global disease burden of age-related macular degeneration: 1990-2017.
To evaluate the disease burden of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to evaluate the risk factors of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) caused by AMD.
Country-specific DALY number, rate and age-standardized rate of AMD were acquired from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 database. The Socio-demographic Index (SDI), Human Development Index (HDI), Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IA-HDI) and other related data were obtained from published data or shared databases. Regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlations between the potential risk factors and the age-standardized DALY rate of AMD.
The DALY number doubled from 1990 to 2017, and DALY rate increased from 4.73 (95% CI: 3.19-6.54) to 6.95 (95% CI: 4.76-9.54). However, change was small after standardizing. Females tended to have severer burden. Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates were correlated to annual PM2.5 concentration, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, population with at least some secondary education (secondary education), glaucoma prevalence and gross national income (GNI) per capita. In SDI model, glaucoma, GDP, healthcare access and quality index (HAQ) and secondary education were associated with disease burden (p < 0.001). In IA-HDI model, cataract, glaucoma, PM2.5, GDP and secondary education were correlated to DALY rates (p < 0.001). In model included four components of HDI, glaucoma, PM2.5, GDP, secondary education, expected years of schooling and life expectancy at birth were associated (p < 0.001).
Being female, older age, poor socioeconomic status and less educated are associated with a heavier disease burden of AMD. These findings would provide a basic understanding for policy making on AMD prevention and treatment.
Zou M
，Zhang Y
，Chen A
，Young CA
，Li Y
，Zheng D
，Jin G
... -
《-》
Disease burden of age-related macular degeneration in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the global burden of disease study.
To evaluate the disease burden of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in China from 1990 to 2019.
Prevalence of blindness and vision loss due to AMD and DALY number, rate, and age-standardized rates of AMD were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. The characters of variables were analyzed between China and its neighboring countries.
From 1990 to 2019, the all-age number and rate for AMD prevalence and DALYs increased significantly in China, while the age standardized DALYs rate in 2019 showed a decrease of 3.63% compared with that in 1990. Females were found to have a higher prevalence and DALYs than males. The 65-69 age group had the highest AMD DALYs number, while the DALYs rate showed a positive association with age. In 2019, when compared to neighboring countries, the age standardized prevalence rate of AMD in China was ranked second after Pakistan, while the age standardized DALYs rate ranked second after Pakistan and India.
Despite a small decrease in age standardized DALYs rate in China in the past three decades, the disease burden of AMD is still considerable and much higher compared to neighboring developed countries. Optimizing health services allocation is needed to further reduce this burden.
Zhang Y
，Chen A
，Zou M
，Yang Z
，Zheng D
，Fan M
，Jin G
... -
《-》
ResearchGate
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钛学术
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