Medicare Drug Price Negotiation in the United States: Implications and Unanswered Questions.

The United States is a relatively free-pricing market for pharmaceutical manufacturers to set list prices at the product launch. Few drug price controls exist, and federal price negotiation as a policy has historically been politically untenable. After decades of debate on whether the federal government, specifically the Medicare program, should more actively manage drug prices, the US Congress passed legislation authorizing Medicare to directly negotiate prices with manufacturers. The purpose of this article is to describe elements and implementation of the price negotiation provisions and then comment on the potential impacts on payers, innovations, and the pharmaceutical industry. While impacting only a few drugs each year in the beginning, price negotiation in the Medicare program will have secondary and long-term effects in the US market and beyond. It is clear that in the United States, the Medicare market for drugs will no longer be a free-pricing environment in the industry.

Sullivan SD 《-》

Price benchmarks of drugs selected for Medicare price negotiation and their therapeutic alternatives.

Hernandez I ，Cousin EM ，Wouters OJ ，Gabriel N ，Cameron T ，Sullivan SD ... -  《-》

Simulated Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022.

Rome BN ，Nagar S ，Egilman AC ，Wang J ，Feldman WB ，Kesselheim AS ... -  《-》

Increasing Divergence in Drug Prices Between the United States and Germany After Implementation of Comparative Effectiveness Analysis and Collective Price Negotiations.

Berkemeier F ，Whaley C ，Robinson JC 《-》

The High Cost of Prescription Drugs in the United States: Origins and Prospects for Reform.

Kesselheim AS ，Avorn J ，Sarpatwari A 《-》