The Interplay between Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels and Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) are essential for the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid, macromolecules, and immune cells in the central nervous system. They play critical roles in modulating neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Dysfunctional MLVs have been demonstrated to increase neuroinflammation by horizontally blocking the drainage of neurotoxic proteins to the peripheral lymph nodes. Conversely, MLVs protect against neuroinflammation by preventing immune cells from becoming fully encephalitogenic. Furthermore, evidence suggests that neuroinflammation affects the structure and function of MLVs, causing vascular anomalies and angiogenesis. Although this field is still in its infancy, the strong link between MLVs and neuroinflammation has emerged as a potential target for slowing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides a brief history of the discovery of MLVs, introduces in vivo and in vitro MLV models, highlights the molecular mechanisms through which MLVs contribute to and protect against neuroinflammation, and discusses the potential impact of neuroinflammation on MLVs, focusing on recent progress in neurodegenerative diseases.

Chen J ，Pan Y ，Liu Q ，Li G ，Chen G ，Li W ，Zhao W ，Wang Q ... -  《-》

Emerging Roles of Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels in Alzheimer's Disease.

Guo X ，Zhang G ，Peng Q ，Huang L ，Zhang Z ，Zhang Z ... -  《-》

Meningeal lymphatic vessels mediate neurotropic viral drainage from the central nervous system.

Recent studies have demonstrated that brain meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) act as a drainage path directly into the cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) for macromolecules contained in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, the role of MLVs during CNS viral infection remains unexplored. Here, we found that infection with several neurotropic viruses in mice promotes MLV expansion but also causes impaired MLV-mediated drainage of macromolecules. Notably, MLVs could drain virus from the CNS to CLNs. Surgical ligation of the lymph vessels or photodynamic ablation of dorsal MLVs increased neurological damage and mortality of virus-infected mice. By contrast, pretreatment with vascular endothelial growth factor C promoted expansion of functional MLVs and alleviated the effects of viral infection. Together, these data indicate that functional MLVs facilitate virus clearance, and MLVs represent a critical path for virus spreading from the CNS to the CLNs. MLV-based therapeutic strategies may thus be useful for alleviating infection-induced neurological damage.

Li X ，Qi L ，Yang D ，Hao S ，Zhang F ，Zhu X ，Sun Y ，Chen C ，Ye J ，Yang J ，Zhao L ，Altmann DM ，Cao S ，Wang H ，Wei B ... -  《-》

Inactivation of ERK1/2 signaling mediates dysfunction of basal meningeal lymphatic vessels in experimental subdural hematoma.

Yuan J ，Liu X ，Nie M ，Chen Y ，Liu M ，Huang J ，Jiang W ，Gao C ，Quan W ，Gong Z ，Xiang T ，Zhang X ，Sha Z ，Wu C ，Wang D ，Li S ，Zhang J ，Jiang R ... -  《Theranostics》

The meningeal lymphatic vessels and the glymphatic system: Potential therapeutic targets in neurological disorders.

Li G ，Cao Y ，Tang X ，Huang J ，Cai L ，Zhou L ... -  《-》