Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Induced by Cocaine Adulterated with Levamisole.

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a cutaneous, small-vessel vasculitis. In 50% of cases the aetiology is idiopathic but it can be linked to drugs, infections, autoimmune disorders and various types of cancer. Levamisole is used as an adulterant in cocaine and heroin and has been associated with the development of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. We describe an atypical presentation of a patient with levamisole-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis who presented with diffuse skin abscesses and a purpuric rash of the upper and lower limbs. In patients with intravenous drug consumption and a clinical presentation of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, it is important to consider levamisole as a possible contributing factor.Negative screening for MPO-ANCA and PR3-ANCA antibodies does not exclude levamisole-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis.Diagnostic criteria for leukocytoclastic vasculitis induced by levamisole have not yet been established.

Barbotti A ，Gheorghiu AC ，Fusi-Schmidhauser T ，Grazioli-Gauthier L ... -  《-》

Levamisole-Induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis with Negative Serology in a Cocaine User.

Salehi M ，Morgan MP ，Gabriel A 《American Journal of Case Reports》

ANCA-positive vasculitis induced by levamisole-adulterated cocaine and nephrotic syndrome: The kidney as an unusual target.

Álvarez Díaz H ，Marińo Callejo AI ，García Rodríguez JF ，Rodríguez Pazos L ，Gómez Buela I ，Bermejo Barrera AM ... -  《American Journal of Case Reports》

Vanishing vasculitis: a case of acute necrotic skin findings without pathologic features of vasculitis from adulterated cocaine.

Ghias AAP ，Brine P 《-》

The cocaine trail: levamisole-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a cocaine user.

Metwally O ，Hamidi M ，Townsend L ，Abualula H ，Zaitoun A ，Lall T ... -  《-》