Prediction of margin-negative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma following neoadjuvant therapy: Diagnostic performance of NCCN criteria for resection vs CT-determined resectability.

Accurate assessment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) resectability after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is crucial. Recently, the NCCN introduced criteria for resection of PDAC following NAT. We analyzed 127 patients who underwent NAT and pancreatectomy for PDAC between January 2010 and March 2020. CT-determined resectability according to the NCCN guideline and CA 19-9 level was evaluated before and after NAT. Diagnostic performance of the NCCN criteria for margin-negative (R0) resection was investigated and compared with CT alone. R0 resection was achieved in 104 (81.9%) patients. After NAT, there were 30 (23.6%) resectable, 90 (70.9%) borderline resectable, and seven (5.5%) locally advanced tumors. Significantly decreased or stable CA 19-9 levels were noted in 114 (89.8%) patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the NCCN criteria were 87.5% (91/104) and 21.7% (5/23), respectively, which were significantly different from CT including only resectable PDAC (26.9% [28/104] and 91.3% [21/23]; P < .001), but less prominently different from CT including resectable and borderline resectable PDAC (95.2% [99/104]; P = .022 and 8.7% [2/23]; P = .375). The NCCN criteria for resection following NAT showed high sensitivity and low specificity for predicting R0 resection. It had supplementary benefit over CT alone, mainly in preventing underestimation of R0 resection.

Jang JK ，Choi SJ ，Byun JH ，Kim JH ，Lee SS ，Kim HJ ，Yoo C ，Kim KP ，Hong SM ，Seo DW ，Hwang DW ，Kim SC ... -  《-》

High-resolution pancreatic computed tomography for assessing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma resectability: a multicenter prospective study.

This prospective multicenter study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 80-kVp thin-section pancreatic CT in determining pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) resectability according to the recent National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines. We prospectively enrolled surgical resection candidates for PDAC from six tertiary referral hospitals (study identifier: NCT03895177). All participants underwent pancreatic CT using 80 kVp tube voltage with 1-mm reconstruction interval. The local resectability was prospectively evaluated using NCCN guidelines at each center and classified into three categories: resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable. A total of 138 patients were enrolled; among them, 60 patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy. R0 resection was achieved in 103 patients (74.6%). The R0 resection rates were 88.7% (47/53), 52.4% (11/21), and 0.0% (0/4) for resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable disease, respectively, in 78 patients who underwent upfront surgery. Meanwhile, the rates were 90.9% (20/22), 76.7% (23/30), and 25.0% (2/8) for resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable PDAC, respectively, in patients who received neoadjuvant therapy. The area under curve of high-resolution CT in predicting R0 resection was 0.784, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 87.4% (90/103), 48.6% (17/35), and 77.5% (107/138), respectively. Tumor response was significantly associated with the R0 resection after neoadjuvant therapy (odds ratio [OR] = 38.99, p = 0.016). An 80-kVp thin-section pancreatic CT has excellent diagnostic performance in assessing PDAC resectability, enabling R0 resection rates of 88.7% and 90.9% for patients with resectable PDAC who underwent upfront surgery and patients with resectable PDAC after neoadjuvant therapy, respectively. • The margin-negative (R0) resection rates were 88.7% (47/53), 52.4% (11/21), and 0.0% (0/4) for resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), respectively, on 80-kVp thin-section pancreatic CT in the 78 patients who underwent upfront surgery. • Among the 60 patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy, the R0 rates were 90.9% (20/22), 76.7% (23/30), and 25.0% (2/8) for resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable PDAC, respectively. • Tumor response, along with the resectability status on pancreatic CT, was significantly associated with the R0 resection rate after neoadjuvant therapy.

Lee DH ，Ha HI ，Jang JY ，Lee JW ，Choi JY ，Bang S ，Lee CH ，Kim WB ，Lee SS ，Kim SC ，Kang BK ，Lee JM ... -  《-》

CT-determined resectability of borderline resectable and unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma following FOLFIRINOX therapy.

Jang JK ，Byun JH ，Kang JH ，Son JH ，Kim JH ，Lee SS ，Kim HJ ，Yoo C ，Kim KP ，Hong SM ，Seo DW ，Kim SC ，Lee MG ... -  《-》

CT in the prediction of margin-negative resection in pancreatic cancer following neoadjuvant treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Park S ，Jang JK ，Byun JH ，Kim JH ，Lee SS ，Kim HJ ，Hong SB ，Park SH ... -  《-》

Surgery after FOLFIRINOX treatment for locally advanced and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: increase in tumour attenuation on CT correlates with R0 resection.

Marchegiani G ，Todaro V ，Boninsegna E ，Negrelli R ，Sureka B ，Bonamini D ，Salvia R ，Manfredi R ，Pozzi Mucelli R ，Bassi C ... -  《-》