Characterization of Specific Signatures of the Oral Cavity, Sputum, and Ileum Microbiota in Patients With Crohn's Disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with an increasing incidence worldwide. The etiology of CD is still obscure, but microbial dysbiosis has been recognized as an essential factor contributing to CD. However, few studies have revealed the microbiome's signatures and reciprocal correlations between multiple sites in patients with CD over different disease stages. This study investigated the specific microbial architectures of the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum in patients with CD in the active and remission stages. Microbial samples from the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum were collected from patients with CD in the active and remission stages and healthy controls. The microbial composition was assessed by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. In addition, bioinformatics methods were used to demonstrate the microbial signatures, functional changes, and correlations between microbiota and clinical data in CD. Compared with healthy controls, a distinct microbiota dysbiosis in the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum of patients with CD was identified, characterized by alterations in microbiota biodiversity and composition. The oral cavity and sputum microbiota showed significantly lower microbial diversity in patients with CD than in healthy controls. In terms of microbiota composition, the microbiota changes in the oral cavity of patients with CD were similar to those in the sputum, while they were different from those in the ileum. In the oral cavity and sputum of patients with CD, a lower relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria was observed compared to healthy controls, which was most prominent in the active stage. In contrast, an increased relative abundance of Fusobacteria, Porphyromonas, and Haemophilus was observed in patients with CD. The predicted metabolic pathways involved in the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum were similar, predominantly involving metabolism, environmental information processing, and genetic information processing. The results revealed the alterations of microbiota architecture in the oral cavity, sputum, and ileum of patients with CD, which varied across disease stages. Studying microbiota dysbiosis may bring new insights into the etiology of CD and lead to novel treatments.

Xia K ，Gao R ，Wu X ，Sun J ，Wan J ，Wu T ，Fichna J ，Yin L ，Chen C ... -  《Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology》

Does the intestinal microbial community of Korean Crohn's disease patients differ from that of western patients?

Eun CS ，Kwak MJ ，Han DS ，Lee AR ，Park DI ，Yang SK ，Kim YS ，Kim JF ... -  《-》

Modulation of faecal metagenome in Crohn's disease: Role of microRNAs as biomarkers.

Rojas-Feria M ，Romero-García T ，Fernández Caballero-Rico JÁ ，Pastor Ramírez H ，Avilés-Recio M ，Castro-Fernandez M ，Chueca Porcuna N ，Romero-Gόmez M ，García F ，Grande L ，Del Campo JA ... -  《-》

Deciphering salivary microbiome signature in Crohn's disease patients with different factors contributing to dysbiosis.

Elzayat H ，Malik T ，Al-Awadhi H ，Taha M ，Elghazali G ，Al-Marzooq F ... -  《Scientific Reports》

Analysis of endoscopic brush samples identified mucosa-associated dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease.

Nishino K ，Nishida A ，Inoue R ，Kawada Y ，Ohno M ，Sakai S ，Inatomi O ，Bamba S ，Sugimoto M ，Kawahara M ，Naito Y ，Andoh A ... -  《-》