Substance use is associated with condomless anal intercourse among men who have sex with men in India: a partner-level analysis.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) bear a disproportionately high burden of new HIV infections while lagging behind other populations with respect to engagement across the HIV care continuum. General risk factors for condomless anal intercourse (CAI) among MSM are well studied but there is a paucity of partner-level data, where emerging evidence suggests that much of the variation in condom use occurs. MSM were recruited across 10 cities in India using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) from 2016-17. Among the individuals who reported sexual intercourse in the prior 6 months, condom use and partner characteristics of the last 4 partners were captured. Correlates of CAI at the individual and partner level were determined using Poisson regression models using generalized estimating equations and incorporating RDS-II weights, which weights estimates for the participant's network size. Among the 8,086 individuals, 21,723 sexual partnerships were analyzed. The prevalence of CAI was 46.9% and most partners were casual or one-time (70.7%) with partner HIV status reported as unknown in 42.6% of the sexual encounters. In multivariable analyses, partner-level characteristics associated with higher likelihood of CAI included unknown partner HIV status (aPR vs. known HIV negative partner: 1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-1.43) and use of alcohol/ drugs prior to intercourse either sometimes (aPR 1.42; 95% CI: 1.33-1.51) or always (aPR 1.31; 95% CI: 1.23-1.41). At an individual level, any HIV treatment literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of CAI (aPR 0.80; 95% CI: 0.74-0.86). To reduce HIV transmission among this population of MSM across India, combination interventions are likely needed. Interventions targeting substance use and education as well as initiatives to increase self-testing are urgently needed among MSM in India and have the potential to reduce HIV transmission in this high-risk population. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01686750. Date of Registration: September 18, 2012.

Prabhu S ，Mehta SH ，McFall AM ，Srikrishnan AK ，Vasudevan CK ，Lucas GM ，Celentano DD ，Solomon SS ... -  《BMC PUBLIC HEALTH》

Contextualizing condoms: a cross-sectional study mapping intersections of locations of sexual contact, partner type, and substance use as contexts for sexual risk behavior among MSM in Peru.

Passaro RC ，Castañeda-Huaripata A ，Gonzales-Saavedra W ，Chavez-Gomez S ，Segura ER ，Lake JE ，Cabello R ，Clark JL ... -  《BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES》

The characteristics of mixing patterns of sexual dyads and factors correlated with condomless anal intercourse among men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China.

Yang J ，Xu H ，Li S ，Cheng W ，Gu Y ，Xu P ，Yu Q ，Lv F ... -  《BMC PUBLIC HEALTH》

Does HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Modify the Effect of Partnership Characteristics on Condom Use? A Cross-Sectional Study of Sexual Partnerships Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in San Francisco, California.

Prescott MR ，Hern J ，Petersen M ，Santos GM ... -  《-》

Prevalence of condomless anal intercourse and associated risk factors among men who have sex with men in Bamako, Mali.

Knox J ，Patnaik P ，Hakim AJ ，Telly N ，Ballo T ，Traore B ，Doumbia S ，Lahuerta M ... -  《-》