Profiles of gut microbiota in obese-insulin-resistant rats treated with biotics.

Our previous studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, prebiotic xylooligosaccharide (XOS), and synbiotics on several parameters in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. However, the gut microbiota composition in these rats has not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of biotic therapies on gut microbiota in HFD-induced obese-insulin-resistant rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with a normal diet (ND, n = 5) and a HFD (n = 20) for 24 weeks. At week 13, HFD-fed rats were given either a probiotic (L. paracasei, HF-Pro, n = 5), prebiotic (XOS, HF-Pre, n = 5), synbiotic (XOS + L. paracasei, HF-Syn, n = 5), or vehicle (HF-V, n = 5) for 12 weeks. ND-fed rats received vehicle (ND-V, n = 5). At week 24, all rats were decapitated, and metabolic parameters and gut microbiota were analyzed. HF-V rats developed an obese-insulin-resistant condition as indicated by impaired metabolic parameters. The prebiotic and synbiotic restored those metabolic parameters to the same level of ND-V rats. The gut microbiota composition of ND-V and HF-V rats differed as indicated by beta diversity. Verrucomicrobia in ND-V rats and Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in HF-V rats were dominant. Interestingly, Verrucomicrobia was also prominent in the HF-Syn rats. HF-Pre rats showed a distinct gut microbiota the predominant family being Ruminococcaceae. The changes in gut microbiota after HFD consumption included increased Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The treatment with the prebiotic and synbiotic showed an association with the increase in Ruminococcaceae and Verrucomicrobia, respectively. These changes in gut microbiota due to biotics may mediate the beneficial effects on metabolic parameters.

Sriwichaiin S ，Kittichotirat W ，Chunchai T ，Chattipakorn N ，Chattipakorn SC ... -  《-》

Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, xylooligosaccharides, and synbiotics reduce gut disturbance in obese rats.

The beneficial effects of pro-, pre-, and synbiotics on obesity with insulin resistance have been reported previously. However, the strain-specific effect of probiotics and the combination with various types of prebiotic fiber yield controversial outcomes and limit clinical applications. Our previous study demonstrated that the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei (L. paracasei) HII01, prebiotic xylooligosaccharide (XOS), and synbiotics share similar efficacy in attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in obese-insulin resistant rats. Nonetheless, the roles of HII01 and XOS on gut dysbiosis and gut inflammation under obese-insulin resistant conditions have not yet, to our knowledge, been investigated. Our hypothesis was that pro-, pre-, and synbiotics improve the metabolic parameters in obese-insulin resistant rats by reducing gut dysbiosis and gut inflammation. Male Wistar rats were fed with either a normal or high-fat diet that contained 19.77% and 59.28% energy from fat, respectively, for 12 wk. Then, the high-fat diet rats were fed daily with a 108 colony forming unit of the probiotic HII01, 10% prebiotic XOS, and synbiotics for 12 wk. The metabolic parameters, serum lipopolysaccharide levels, fecal Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios, levels of Enterobacteriaceae, Bifidobacteria, and gut proinflammatory cytokine gene expression were quantified. The consumption of probiotic L. paracasei HII01, prebiotic XOS, and synbiotics for 12 wk led to a decrease in metabolic endotoxemia, gut dysbiosis (a reduction in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and Enterobacteriaceae), and gut inflammation in obese-insulin resistant rats. Pro-, pre-, and synbiotics reduced gut dysbiosis and gut inflammation, which lead to improvements in metabolic dysfunction in obese-insulin resistant rats.

Thiennimitr P ，Yasom S ，Tunapong W ，Chunchai T ，Wanchai K ，Pongchaidecha A ，Lungkaphin A ，Sirilun S ，Chaiyasut C ，Chattipakorn N ，Chattipakorn SC ... -  《-》

Decreased microglial activation through gut-brain axis by prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics effectively restored cognitive function in obese-insulin resistant rats.

Chunchai T ，Thunapong W ，Yasom S ，Wanchai K ，Eaimworawuthikul S ，Metzler G ，Lungkaphin A ，Pongchaidecha A ，Sirilun S ，Chaiyasut C ，Pratchayasakul W ，Thiennimitr P ，Chattipakorn N ，Chattipakorn SC ... -  《Journal of Neuroinflammation》

Effects of probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics on jawbone in obese-insulin resistant rats.

Eaimworawuthikul S ，Tunapong W ，Chunchai T ，Yasom S ，Wanchai K ，Suntornsaratoon P ，Charoenphandhu N ，Thiennimitr P ，Chattipakorn N ，Chattipakorn SC ... -  《-》

Altered gut microbiota ameliorates bone pathology in the mandible of obese-insulin-resistant rats.

Eaimworawuthikul S ，Tunapong W ，Chunchai T ，Suntornsaratoon P ，Charoenphandhu N ，Thiennimitr P ，Chattipakorn N ，Chattipakorn SC ... -  《-》