Lipid profile, lipid ratios, apolipoproteins, and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in men: The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study.

The blood level of lipids, apolipoproteins, and lipid ratios are important predictors of some chronic diseases. However, their association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is less known. We evaluated a wide range of lipid profiles and lipid ratios, including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and apoA1 and B, as well triglyceride and total cholesterol with risk of incident CMM. In 1728 men aged 52.5 ± 5.2 years from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease were included in this study. We defined CMM as coexisting of two or more of stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), coronary heart disease (CHD). A Cox proportional hazard regression method was applied to evaluate the risk of CMM against the exposures. During the mean follow-up of 22.4 years, 335 men suffered from CMM conditions. Higher serum triglyceride and VLDL concentrations were associated with a higher risk of coexisting T2D-CHD (HRs 1.99 (95% CI, 1.12-3.53) and HRs 1.79 (95% CI, 1.04-3.11), respectively. Whereas higher HDL was associated with lower incident [HRs 0.49 (95% CI, 0.40-1.00)]. The HRs for coexisting T2D-CHD was 2.02 (95% CI, 1.01-3.07) for total cholesterol/HDL-C, 1.85 (95% CI, 1.04-3.29) for triglyceride/HDL-C, 1.69 (95% CI, 1.01-2.31) for Non-HDL-C/HDL-C, and 1.89 (95% CI, 1.03-2.46) for apoB/apoA1. In contrast, serum LDL-C/apoB ratios were inversely associated with the risk of coexisting T2D-CHD [HRs 0.50 (95% CI, 0.28-0.90)]. No associations were observed between our exposures and other CMM conditions. In conclusion, elevated triglyceride, VLDL-C, total cholesterol/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, apoB/apoA1 as well as lower LDL-C/apoB were independently associated with the higher risk of T2D-CHD coexistence.

Tajik B ，Voutilainen A ，Kauhanen J ，Mazidi M ，Lip GYH ，Tuomainen TP ，Isanejad M ... -  《-》

Lipid levels, apolipoproteins, and risk of incident atrial fibrillation in men: A report from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD).

Apolipoproteins are associated with risk of coronary heart disease but the association with risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) has been inconsistent. This study investigated the association of apolipoproteins A-1 (apoA-1) and B (apoB), and lipid levels including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), with the risk of new-onset AF. A total of 2533 men from the prospective, population-based Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study, aged 42-60 years, were studied. Cox proportional hazards adjusted for potential confounders was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) of incident events across serum lipid, lipoprotein, and apoA-1 and apoB concentrations. During the mean follow-up of 22.4 years, 594 AF cases occurred. Cox proportional hazards regression indicated that higher serum HDL-C and apoA-1 concentrations were associated with lower risk of AF [the extreme-quartile multivariable-adjusted HR 0.72 (95% CI 0.57-0.92, P = 0.02) for HDL-C, and 0.72 (95% CI 0.52-1.00, P = 0.05)] for apoA-1]. No significant associations were observed for apoB and other lipids (TC, VLDL-C, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and TG) with risk of incident AF. Over the time of follow-up in this study lower new-onset incident AF was in association with higher HDL-C and apo-A1 levels. Future studies should investigate mechanisms underlying the association of low HDL-C and low apoA1 with higher risk of incident AF.

Tajik B ，Tuomainen TP ，Jarroch R ，Kauhanen J ，Lip GYH ，Isanejad M ... -  《-》

Clinical utility of different lipid measures for prediction of coronary heart disease in men and women.

Ingelsson E ，Schaefer EJ ，Contois JH ，McNamara JR ，Sullivan L ，Keyes MJ ，Pencina MJ ，Schoonmaker C ，Wilson PW ，D'Agostino RB ，Vasan RS ... -  《-》

Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular disease.

Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration ，Di Angelantonio E ，Sarwar N ，Perry P ，Kaptoge S ，Ray KK ，Thompson A ，Wood AM ，Lewington S ，Sattar N ，Packard CJ ，Collins R ，Thompson SG ，Danesh J ... -  《-》

Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in the prediction of coronary heart disease in men.

Pischon T ，Girman CJ ，Sacks FM ，Rifai N ，Stampfer MJ ，Rimm EB ... -  《-》