Xenohormesis underlyes the anti-aging and healthy properties of olive polyphenols.

The paper provides a comprehensive and foundational mechanistic framework of hormesis that establishes its centrality in medicine and public health. This hormetic framework is applied to the assessment of olive polyphenols with respect to their capacity to slow the onset and reduce the magnitude of a wide range of age-related disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease. It is proposed that olive polyphenol-induced anti-inflammatory protective effects are mediated in large part via the activation of AMPK and the upregulation of Nrf2 pathway. Consistently, herein we also review the importance of the modulation of Nrf2-related stress responsive vitagenes by olive polyphenols, which at low concentration according to the hormesis theory activates this neuroprotective cascade to preserve brain health and its potential use in the prevention and therapy against aging and age-related cognitive disorders in humans.

Bucciantini M ，Leri M ，Scuto M ，Ontario M ，Trovato Salinaro A ，Calabrese EJ ，Calabrese V ，Stefani M ... -  《-》

Potential prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders by olive polyphenols and hidrox.

Most chronic illnesses are caused by the biological reaction to an injury, rather than the initial injury or the injurious agent itselves as in neurodegeneration. With respect to this, notable attention is emerging on the therapeutic effects of dietary polyphenols for human health, able to counteract and neutralize oxidative stress and inflammatory processes involved in the etiopathogenesis of major neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The acquired concept that cellular stress at low doses induces neuroprotective responses against degenerative processes is a frontier area of the neurobiological research focusing on the development of novel preventive and therapeutic interventions for neurodegenerative disorders. Notably, basal levels of prooxidant species are essential to promote adaptive redox cellular responses including vitagenes, tightly correlated to cell survival against age-related diseases. In this paper we discuss the concept of cellular stress response and hormesis and its applications to the field of neuroprotection and the potential therapeutic support provided by olive polyphenols, in particular hydroxytyrosol (HT)-rich aqueous olive pulp extract (Hidrox), as a pivotal activator of Nrf2 pathway and related vitagenes, and inhibitor of Keap1-Nrf2 interaction.Olive polyphenols are considered potential pharmacological modulators of neuroinflammation by upregulation of the Keap1/Nfr2/ARE pathway thus providing a strong rationale for treating neurodegenerative disorders.

Ontario ML ，Siracusa R ，Modafferi S ，Scuto M ，Sciuto S ，Greco V ，Bertuccio MP ，Trovato Salinaro A ，Crea R ，Calabrese EJ ，Di Paola R ，Calabrese V ... -  《-》

Xenohormetic and anti-aging activity of secoiridoid polyphenols present in extra virgin olive oil: a new family of gerosuppressant agents.

Menendez JA ，Joven J ，Aragonès G ，Barrajón-Catalán E ，Beltrán-Debón R ，Borrás-Linares I ，Camps J ，Corominas-Faja B ，Cufí S ，Fernández-Arroyo S ，Garcia-Heredia A ，Hernández-Aguilera A ，Herranz-López M ，Jiménez-Sánchez C ，López-Bonet E ，Lozano-Sánchez J ，Luciano-Mateo F ，Martin-Castillo B ，Martin-Paredero V ，Pérez-Sánchez A ，Oliveras-Ferraros C ，Riera-Borrull M ，Rodríguez-Gallego E ，Quirantes-Piné R ，Rull A ，Tomás-Menor L ，Vazquez-Martin A ，Alonso-Villaverde C ，Micol V ，Segura-Carretero A ... -  《-》

Transgenerational hormesis in healthy aging and antiaging medicine from bench to clinics: Role of food components.

Neurodegenerative diseases have multifactorial pathogenesis, mainly involving neuroinflammatory processes. Finding drugs able to treat these diseases, expecially because for most of these diseases there are no effective drugs, and the current drugs cause undesired side effects, represent a crucial point. Most in vivo and in vitro studies have been concentrated on various aspects related to neurons (e.g. neuroprotection), however, there has not been focus on the prevention of early stages involving glial cell activation and neuroinflammation. Recently, it has been demonstrated that nutritional phytochemicals including polyphenols, the main active constituents of the Mediterranean diet, maintain redox balance and neuroprotection through the activation of hormetic vitagene pathway. Recent lipidomics data from our laboratory indicate mushrooms as strong nutritional neuronutrients with strongly activity against neuroinflammation in Meniere' diseaseas, a model of cochleovestibular neural degeneration, as well as in animal model of traumatic brain injury, or rotenone induced parkinson's disease. Moreover, Hidrox®, an aqueous extract of olive containing hydroxytyrosol, and Boswellia, acting as Nrf2 activators, promote resilience by enhancing the redox potential, and thus, regulate through hormetic mechanisms, cellular stress response mechanisms., Thus, modulation of cellular stress pathways, in particular vitagenes system, may be an innovative approach for therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative disorders.

Calabrese V ，Osakabe N ，Siracusa R ，Modafferi S ，Di Paola R ，Cuzzocrea S ，Jacob UM ，Fritsch T ，Abdelhameed AS ，Rashan L ，Wenzel U ，Franceschi C ，Calabrese EJ ... -  《-》

Olive polyphenols: new promising agents to combat aging-associated neurodegeneration.

Casamenti F ，Stefani M 《-》