Lactobacillus acidophilus ameliorates obesity in mice through modulation of gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal permeability.

Obesity associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis is considered as a worldwide public health crisis. In the meanwhile, different probiotics have demonstrated beneficial effects on this condition, thus increasing the interest in the development of probiotic treatments. In this context, the aim of this study is to investigate the anti-obesity effects of potential probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus isolated from the porcine gut. Then, it is found that L. acidophilus reduces body weight, fat mass, inflammation and insulin resistance in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD), accompanied by activation in brown adipose tissue (BAT) as well as improvements of energy, glucose and lipid metabolism. Besides, our data indicate that L. acidophilus not only reverses HFD-induced gut dysbiosis, as indicated by the decreased Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratios and endotoxin bearing Gram-negative bacteria levels, but also maintains intestinal barrier integrity, reduces metabolic endotoxemia, and inhibits the TLR4 / NF- κB signaling pathway. In addition, the results of microbiome phenotype prediction by BugBase and bacterial functional potential prediction using PICRUSt show that L. acidophilus treatment improves the gut microbiota functions involving metabolism, immune response, and pathopoiesia. Furthermore, the anti-obesity effect is transmissible via horizontal faeces transfer from L. acidophilus-treated mice to HFD-fed mice. According to our data, it is seen that L. acidophilus could be a good candidate for probiotic of ameliorating obesity and associated diseases such as hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, and insulin resistance through its anti-inflammatory properties and alleviation of endothelial dysfunction and gut dysbiosis.

Kang Y ，Kang X ，Yang H ，Liu H ，Yang X ，Liu Q ，Tian H ，Xue Y ，Ren P ，Kuang X ，Cai Y ，Tong M ，Li L ，Fan W ... -  《-》

A Newly Synbiotic Combination Alleviates Obesity by Modulating the Gut Microbiota-Fat Axis and Inhibiting the Hepatic TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Kang Y ，Ren P ，Shen X ，Kuang X ，Yang X ，Liu H ，Yan H ，Yang H ，Kang X ，Ding Z ，Luo X ，Ma J ，Yang Y ，Fan W ... -  《-》

Probiotics modulate gut microbiota and improve insulin sensitivity in DIO mice.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are characterized by subclinical inflammatory process. Changes in composition or modulation of the gut microbiota may play an important role in the obesity-associated inflammatory process. In the current study, we evaluated the effects of probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidumi) on gut microbiota, changes in permeability, and insulin sensitivity and signaling in high-fat diet and control animals. More importantly, we investigated the effects of these gut modulations on hypothalamic control of food intake, and insulin and leptin signaling. Swiss mice were submitted to a high-fat diet (HFD) with probiotics or pair-feeding for 5 weeks. Metagenome analyses were performed on DNA samples from mouse feces. Blood was drawn to determine levels of glucose, insulin, LPS, cytokines and GLP-1. Liver, muscle, ileum and hypothalamus tissue proteins were analyzed by Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, liver and adipose tissues were analyzed using histology and immunohistochemistry. The HFD induced huge alterations in gut microbiota accompanied by increased intestinal permeability, LPS translocation and systemic low-grade inflammation, resulting in decreased glucose tolerance and hyperphagic behavior. All these obesity-related features were reversed by changes in the gut microbiota profile induced by probiotics. Probiotics also induced an improvement in hypothalamic insulin and leptin resistance. Our data demonstrate that the intestinal microbiome is a key modulator of inflammatory and metabolic pathways in both peripheral and central tissues. These findings shed light on probiotics as an important tool to prevent and treat patients with obesity and insulin resistance.

Bagarolli RA ，Tobar N ，Oliveira AG ，Araújo TG ，Carvalho BM ，Rocha GZ ，Vecina JF ，Calisto K ，Guadagnini D ，Prada PO ，Santos A ，Saad STO ，Saad MJA ... -  《-》

Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5 improves saturated fat-induced obesity mouse model through the enhanced intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila.

Ondee T ，Pongpirul K ，Visitchanakun P ，Saisorn W ，Kanacharoen S ，Wongsaroj L ，Kullapanich C ，Ngamwongsatit N ，Settachaimongkon S ，Somboonna N ，Leelahavanichkul A ... -  《Scientific Reports》

Ganoderma lucidum reduces obesity in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota.

Chang CJ ，Lin CS ，Lu CC ，Martel J ，Ko YF ，Ojcius DM ，Tseng SF ，Wu TR ，Chen YY ，Young JD ，Lai HC ... -  《Nature Communications》