Effects of probiotic supplementation on anthropometric and metabolic characteristics in adults with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) documenting the effectiveness of supplementation with pro-/synbiotics versus placebo controls on anthropometric and metabolic (glucoregulatory status, lipid profile) indices in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Databases of MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched through March 2020 to identify eligible RCTs evaluating the effects of pro-/synbiotic consumption in adults (≥18 years) with MetS. Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models. Ten eligible publications (9 RCTs, n = 344 participants) were included. Supplementation with pro-/synbiotics reduced total cholesterol (TC) in adults with MetS versus placebo (MD: -6.66 mg/dL, 95% CI: -13.25 to -0.07, P = 0.04, I2 = 28.8%, n = 7), without affecting weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting blood sugar, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, insulin, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P > 0.05). Pro-/synbiotic consumption may be beneficial in reducing TC levels in adults with MetS. However, our observations do not support the effectiveness of pro-/synbiotics consumption on other anthropometric or metabolic outcomes of MetS. Further investigations with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.

Hadi A ，Arab A ，Khalesi S ，Rafie N ，Kafeshani M ，Kazemi M ... -  《-》

Efficacy of synbiotic supplementation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials: Synbiotic supplementation and NAFLD.

Hadi A ，Mohammadi H ，Miraghajani M ，Ghaedi E ... -  《-》

Beneficial effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on some cardiovascular risk factors among individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A grade-assessed systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized clinica

Previous studies suggested that probiotics/synbiotics administration exerts some beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risk factors. However, the results from trials have been inconsistent. This study aimed to identify the impact of probiotic and synbiotic supplements on cardiovascular health factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus up to February 2022 to identify eligible RCTs. Estimating 95 % confidence (CI) and the weighted mean difference (WMD) for weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences (WC), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), the random-effects model was used. In the current meta-analysis, 54 RCTs were included. With the probiotic/synbiotics intervention, several parameters changed significantly, including weight (WMD: -0.38, 95 % CI: -0.63 to -0.12 Kg), TG (WMD: -19.08, 95 % CI: -27.65 to -10.51 mg/dl), TC (WMD: -10.46, 95 % CI: -15.19 to -5.72 mg/dl), LDL-C (WMD: -4.87, 95 % CI: -7.65 to -2.09 mg/dl), HDL-C (WMD: -2.70, 95 % CI: 1.33-4.07 mg/dl), SBP (WMD: -3.81, 95 % CI: -6.24 to -1.38 mmHg), and DBP (WMD: -2.01, 95 % CI: -3.12 to -0.91 mmHg). In the subgroup analysis, probiotics/synbiotics supplementation resulted in a greater change in lipid profile components in T2DM patients. Weight and BMI reduced only after synbiotic supplementation. We found that the administration of probiotics and synbiotics had beneficial effects on lipid profiles, anthropometric indices, and blood pressure in individuals with T2DM.

Naseri K ，Saadati S ，Yari Z ，Asbaghi O ，Hezaveh ZS ，Mafi D ，Hoseinian P ，Ashtary-Larky D ，Hekmatdoost A ，de Courten B ... -  《-》

The Effects of Probiotics or Synbiotics Supplementation in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Heshmati J ，Farsi F ，Yosaee S ，Razavi M ，Rezaeinejad M ，Karimie E ，Sepidarkish M ... -  《-》

Impact of synbiotic supplementation on cardiometabolic and anthropometric indices in patients with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Probiotic and synbiotic products are being widely used by a large number of patients and clinicians; however, effects on cardiometabolic indices in patients with the metabolic syndrome remain unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of a synbiotic intervention on lipid profile, insulin resistance, blood pressure, anthropometric parameters, and inflammatory markers. We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science by October 2021. Studies were selected if they reported the effectiveness of the synbiotic intervention on cardiometabolic and anthropometric indices. The weighted mean difference was calculated as the effect size using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were conducted to determine sources of heterogeneity. Dose-dependent effects were assessed using a dose-response meta-analysis of differences in means. Five trials (1049 participants) were finally included in the meta-analysis. Synbiotic intervention significantly reduced serum insulin levels (WMD, -6.39 μU/mL; 95%CI, (-7.2 to -5.4); p = 0.001, I2 = 88.2%, N = 5), triglycerides (WMD, -20.3 mg/dl; 95%CI, (-32.7 to -7.8); p = 0.001, I2 = 87.7, N = 5), total cholesterol (WMD, -7.8 mg/dl; 95%CI, ( -12.5 to -3.02); p = 0.001; I2 = 66.7%, N = 5), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD, -9.02 mg/dl; 95%CI, (-10.8 to -7.2); p < 0.001, I2 = 0%, N = 5), waist circumference (WMD, -4.04 cm; 95%CI, ( -4.9 to -3.08), p < 0.001; I2 = 22.7%, N = 3), body weight (WMD, -4.3 kg; 95%CI, (-6.2 to -2.5); p = 0.001; I2 = 0%, N = 2), systolic blood pressure (WMD, -1.8 mmHg; 95% CI, (-2.8 to -0.7); p = 0.001; I2 = 0%, N = 3), and serum interleukin-6 concentrations (WMD, -0.2 pg/mL; 95%CI, (-0.3 to -0.08); p = 0.001, I2 = 39.8%, N = 2), and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (WMD, 2.3 mg/dl; 95%CI, (0.2-4.4); p = 0.03; 03; I2 = 93.1%, N = 5). Synbiotic administration did not significantly affect fasting plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and serum C-reactive protein concentrations. The present findings suggest that synbiotic intervention effectively improves cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Arabi SM ，Bahrami LS ，Rahnama I ，Sahebkar A ... -  《-》