Psychosocial Risks, Work Engagement, and Job Satisfaction of Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic.

Context: COVID-19 pandemic is a serious health emergency that has affected countries all over the world. Health emergencies are a critical psychosocial risk factor for nurses. In general, psychosocial risks constitute serious problems as they impact workers' health, productivity, and efficiency. Despite their importance, few studies analyze nurses' psychosocial risks during a health emergency caused by a pandemic or analyze their perception of the emergency and its relation to such risks. Objectives: To analyze the perception of COVID-19 by nurses, especially about measures, resources, and impact on their daily work. Also, to analyze these professionals' psychosocial risks and the relationship between perception of COVID-19 and these risks. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was performed in a convenience sample of 92 nurses from two public hospitals in the Valencian Community (Spain), (74 women, 79.1%), aged 24-63 (M = 43.37, SD = 11.58). Data were collected via an online self-completed questionnaire during the rise of the pandemic from March 29 to April 8, when the number of infections went from 78,797 to 146,690. Results: The measures and resources available about COVID-19 are relatively low, and the impact on their work is high. Similarly, the most prominent psychosocial risks appear to be emotional work and workload. In contrast, nurses' work engagement is medium, and their satisfaction is high. Finally, there seems to be a negative and significant relationship between the information available to nurses, the measures implemented, and resources with some of their psychosocial risks, and a positive one with job satisfaction and work engagement. There is also a positive and significant relationship only between the impact of COVID-19 and their work inequality, but not for other risks. Conclusions: The resources, measures, and information can be a protective factor facing nurses' psychosocial risks, especially during a pandemic. Studying the relationships between psychosocial risk and perception of a health emergency would be relevant and fundamental to protecting and caring for nurses, health professionals, and society.

Giménez-Espert MDC ，Prado-Gascó V ，Soto-Rubio A 《Frontiers in Public Health》

Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Psychosocial Risks on Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Nurses' Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Soto-Rubio A ，Giménez-Espert MDC ，Prado-Gascó V 《-》

Nurses' occupational satisfaction during Covid-19 pandemic.

Covid-19 has brought healthcare workers in general and nurses in particular into the limelight as never before. It is important to study the intensity of the impact of this pandemic on the profession. This study aims to assess the occupational satisfaction during the pandemic of Covid-19 among the nurses in Israel, to shed light on conditions of work and to identify factors associated with low occupational satisfaction. Cross-sectional study of 130 Israeli nurses. Minnesota Satisfaction and Measure of Job Satisfaction questionnaire with 28 items was used to assess occupational satisfaction. In the multivariable model, nurses working in the community had higher occupational satisfaction than those working in hospitals (β = 0.24, p = .032); nurses who took care of patients who tested positive for Covid-19 had significantly lower occupational satisfaction than others (β = -0.48, p = .009). Most of the sample reported lack of personal protective equipment (PPE). Nurses who experienced lack of PPE reported lower occupational satisfaction than those who did not (3.4 vs. 3.8, p = .039). Occupational satisfaction was mainly based on the component, built by the intrinsic characteristics of the occupation related to the personal accomplishment. Most of nurses had to increase their workload as a result of staff shortages, but the elevation of the workload was not associated with lower occupational satisfaction. Even under the circumstances of the pandemic, the most important nurses` occupational values are worthwhile accomplishments, importance of professional challenge, diversity and interest in the job, personal growth and development and independence in their practice.

Savitsky B ，Radomislensky I ，Hendel T 《-》

[How are key resources and key demands associated with nurses' work engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic? A cross-sectional study].

Nurses are assigned a key role in pandemic response, with work engagement considered to be pivotal. The job demands-resources theory assumes that work engagement depends on job resources and job demands. Key job resources and demands have already been proposed for nurses. However, there is no evidence on their importance under pandemic conditions. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate their relevance to nurses' work engagement during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was carried out in a cross-sectional design and addressed nurses in direct health care settings in Germany. Data was collected administering a quantitative online survey using valid and reliable measures during the second wave of the pandemic. A convenience sample was obtained, including the use of social media, randomly selected health care facilities, and all universities with nursing-related programs in Germany. The dataset for analyses comprised a total of 1,027 cases. The sample included nurses of various educational levels and from different sectors. Multiple linear regression analysis after multiple imputation was used to examine the relevance of key resources and demands for work engagement. Key resources and demands explained 36% of the variance in nurses' work engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Positive associations were found between the key resources of autonomy (β¯SP=0.072, 95% CI [0.011; 0.133]), professional resources (β¯SP=0.204, 95% CI [0.124; 0.285]), and interpersonal relationships (β¯SP=0.178, 95% CI [0.117; 0.240]) and nurses' work engagement. On the demands side, lack of formal rewards negatively (β¯SP=-0.312, 95% CI [-0.380; -0.245]) affected work engagement, whereas work overload (β¯SP=0.063, 95% CI [0.001; 0.126]) was positively associated with work engagement. The job demands-resources theory is suitable for explaining nurses' work engagement even in times of crisis. Taken together, key resources and demands have a significant influence on nurses' work engagement under pandemic conditions. However, not all so-called key resources and demands actually have a key status in a pandemic. Any lack of formal rewards should be countered, professional resources should be sustainably secured, and the autonomy of nurses and their interpersonal relationships should be strengthened. Nursing management decisions should be made not only with the current pandemic but also the post-pandemic period in mind.

Bartsch CE ，Dürr L ，Forster A ，Koob C ... -  《-》

The effect of nurses' perceived stress on their work engagement and perceived professional benefit during the routine management of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Deng KQ ，Chen XY ，Yuan XM ，Ren YR ，Luo ZM ，Li GY ，Deng XK ... -  《-》