A Possible Case of Vertical Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a Newborn With Positive Placental In Situ Hybridization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA.

Little is known about the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on pregnant mothers and their infants. Moreover, there is no definitive evidence that SARS CoV- 2 can be vertically transmitted from an infected mother to the unborn fetus.

Alamar I ，Abu-Arja MH ，Heyman T ，Roberts DJ ，Desai N ，Narula P ，Dygulska B ... -  《-》

Report of Positive Placental Swabs for SARS-CoV-2 in an Asymptomatic Pregnant Woman with COVID-19.

Ferraiolo A ，Barra F ，Kratochwila C ，Paudice M ，Vellone VG ，Godano E ，Varesano S ，Noberasco G ，Ferrero S ，Arioni C ... -  《-》

No intrauterine vertical transmission in pregnancy with COVID-19: A case report.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a worldwide pandemic diseases, nearly 400,000 people died at now. The data of status of pregnant women and neonates after infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is limited. We report a case of pregnant woman in her third trimester with critical COVID-19, and amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, placenta, and neonatal gastric fluid were retained during cesarean section. The SARS-COV-2 nucleic acid test results of these specimens were negative. There is no evidence of intrauterine vertical transmission during delivery in the third trimester, but the data are limited and need to be further explored.

Lv Y ，Gu B ，Chen Y ，Hu S ，Ruan T ，Xu G ，Ding J ，Xu X ，Shen X ... -  《-》

Probable congenital SARS-CoV-2 infection in a neonate born to a woman with active SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Kirtsman M ，Diambomba Y ，Poutanen SM ，Malinowski AK ，Vlachodimitropoulou E ，Parks WT ，Erdman L ，Morris SK ，Shah PS ... -  《-》

SARS-CoV2 vertical transmission with adverse effects on the newborn revealed through integrated immunohistochemical, electron microscopy and molecular analyses of Placenta.

. The occurrence of trans-placental transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remains highly debated. Placental positivity for SARS-CoV-2 has been reported in selected cases, but infection or virus-associated disease of fetal tissues or newborns remains to be demonstrated. We screened for SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein expression placentas from 101 women who delivered between February 7 and May 15, 2020, including 15 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, 34 tested negative, and 52 not evaluated as they did not meet testing criteria (32), or delivered before COVID-19 pandemic declaration (20). Immunostain for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) was performed in the placentas of all COVID-19 positive women. One placenta resulted positive for the SARS-CoV-2 S and N proteins, which was further studied by RNA-in situ hybridization and RT-PCR for S transcripts, and by electron microscopy. A comprehensive immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis of the placental inflammatory infiltrate completed the investigations. SARS-CoV-2 S and N proteins were strongly expressed in the placenta of a COVID-19 pregnant woman whose newborn tested positive for viral RNA and developed COVID-19 pneumonia soon after birth. SARS-CoV-2 antigens, RNA and/or particles morphologically consistent with coronavirus were identified in villous syncytiotrophoblast, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, in maternal macrophages, and in Hofbauer cells and fetal intravascular mononuclear cells. The placenta intervillous inflammatory infiltrate consisted of neutrophils and monocyte-macrophages expressing activation markers. Absence of villitis was associated with an increase in the number of Hofbauer cells, which expressed PD-L1. Scattered neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were identified by immunofluorescence. We provide first-time evidence for maternal-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2, likely propagated by circulating virus-infected fetal mononuclear cells. Placenta infection was associated with recruitment of maternal inflammatory cells in the intervillous space, without villitis. PD-L1 expression in syncytiotrophoblast and Hofbaeur cells, together with limited production of NETs, may have prevented immune cell-driven placental damage, ensuring sufficient maternal-fetus nutrient exchanges.

Facchetti F ，Bugatti M ，Drera E ，Tripodo C ，Sartori E ，Cancila V ，Papaccio M ，Castellani R ，Casola S ，Boniotti MB ，Cavadini P ，Lavazza A ... -  《-》