Prevalence and Determinants of Hypertension Among Diabetic Patients in Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019.

Hypertension is a growing public health problem with a remarkable contribution to morbidity and mortality. It is a common condition which usually coexists with diabetes and aggravates its complications. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients attending their follow-up at Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) from June 1 to August 30, 2019. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in diabetic patients attending their follow-up at JUMC. Systematic random sampling and a pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire were used to collect information. Data were entered into EPI data 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20. A variable having a p-value of <0.25 in the bivariate model was subjected to multivariate analysis to avoid the confounding variable's effect. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated at the 95% confidence interval and considered significant with a p-value of <0.05. A total of 366 diabetic patients were included in the study. Their mean age was 50.1 ± 14.28 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was 6.8 ± 5.3 years. The study finding showed that the prevalence of hypertension among diabetic patients was 37.4%. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, age of ≥50 years [AOR = 4.79; 95% CI: 1.4, 16.4], having body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 [AOR = 3.11; 95% CI: 1.58, 6.12] and khat chewing [AOR =19.34; 95% CI: 10.26, 36.44] were independent predictors of hypertension among diabetic patients. Our study found that there is high prevalence of hypertension among diabetic patients. Age of ≥50 years, having BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 and khat chewing were associated with hypertension among participants. Early detection and appropriate interventions should be an important action among patients with age ≥ 50 years, having BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 and khat chewers.

Abdissa D ，Kene K 《Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity-Targets and Therapy》

Prevalence and Determinants of Peripheral Neuropathy among Type 2 Adult Diabetes Patients Attending Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019, an Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Diabetes chronic complications are major causes of morbidity and mortality, among which diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) stands out. One of the tools to screen DPN is the Michigan neuropathy screening instrument. However, there is no data compiled using this tool to assess the prevalence and its determinants in Jimma. So, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of DPN and its determinants among patients with diabetes mellitus at Jimma University Medical Center. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Jimma University Medical Center on 366 type 2diabetic patients. Data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire and entered into EpiData 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions were employed to identify factors associated with DPN. A variable having a p value of < 0.25 in the bivariate model was subjected to multivariate analysis to avoid confounding variable's effect. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated at 95% confidence interval and considered significant with a p value of ≤ 0.05. The mean age of participants was 50.1 ± 14.28 years. The study finding showed that the prevalence of DPN was 53.6% among study participants. According to the multivariate logistic regression age above 40 years (AOR = 4.57; 95% CI: 1.50, 13.9), above 50 years (AOR = 6.5; 95% CI: 2.24, 18.79), duration of diabetes above 5 years (AOR = 3.06; 95% CI: 1.63, 5.77), duration above 10 years (AOR = 7.1; 95% CI: 2.99, 17.28), physical inactivity (AOR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.14, 3.55), and smoking (current smoker AOR = 7.96, 95% CI: 3.22, 19.64; former smoker (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.22, 5.77) were independent predictors of DPN among study participants. Almost half of the study participants had DPN. Age above 40 years, diabetes duration of above 5 years, physical inactivity, and smoking were significantly associated with DPN. Early detection and appropriate interventions are important among patients with age above 40 years, physically inactive, smokers, and diabetes duration of above 5 years.

Abdissa D ，Hamba N ，Kene K ，Bedane DA ，Etana G ，Muleta D ，Gerbi A ... -  《-》

Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Factors among Adult Diabetic Patients on Follow-Up Clinic at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Diabetic foot ulceration is a devastating complication of diabetes mellitus and is a major source of morbidity and mortality. So far, there are few published data on diabetic foot ulcers and its determinants among diabetic patients on follow-up at Jimma Medical Center. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer and its determinants among patients with diabetes mellitus at Jimma Medical Center. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to August 30, 2019, and systematic random sampling technique was applied. The total number of study subjects who participated in the study was 277. Data were collected using an interview-administered structured questionnaire. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 software for analysis. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. A variable having a p value of <0.25 in the bivariate model was subjected to multivariate analysis to avoid confounding the variable's effect. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were calculated at 95% confidence interval and considered significant with a p value of <0.25 in the bivariate model was subjected to multivariate analysis to avoid confounding the variable's effect. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were calculated at 95% confidence interval and considered significant with a. The mean of age of participants was 50.1 ± 14.19 years. More than three-fourths of participants (82.7%) were type 2 DM. The mean duration of diabetic patients was 6.00 ± 5.07 years. The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer was 11.6% among study participants. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, previous history of ulceration (AOR = 5.77; 95% CI: 2.37, 14.0) and peripheral neuropathy (AOR = 11.2; 95% CI: 2.8, 44.4) were independent predictors of diabetic foot ulcer. The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer was 11.6%. Previous history of ulceration and peripheral neuropathy were associated with diabetic foot ulcer. The health care providers are recommended to thoroughly give emphasis during follow-up of patients who had previous history of ulceration and peripheral neuropathy in order to decrease the occurrence of diabetic foot ulcer.

Abdissa D ，Adugna T ，Gerema U ，Dereje D ... -  《-》

Magnitude and associated factors of peripheral neuropathy among diabetes patients attending Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia.

Chronic complications of diabetes (DM) are a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Of these, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common. Screening using validated tools for DPN is crucial to prevent consequent complications. One of the useful tools for DPN screening in clinical practice is the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). However, there is limited information on DPN in the study area. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of DPN and its determinants among patients with type one DM (T1DM) attending Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) from January 2 to March 31, 2020. An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted and DPN was assessed using MNSI. Data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire and entered into EPI data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. A variable having a p-value of <0.25 in the bivariable logistic regression analysis were subjected to multivariable logistic regression analysis to avoid confounding variable's effect. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were calculated at 95% confidence interval (CI) and considered significant with a p-value of ≤0.05 in the final model. A total of 217 study participants with T1DM who met inclusion criteria were recruited consecutively during the study period. Their mean age was 43 ± 15.5 years and the overall prevalence of DPN was 37.3% among study participants. The independent predictors of DPN identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis were increasing age [age of 40-49 years (AOR = 3.80; 95% CI: 1.30, 10.60), age of ≥50 years (AOR = 6.50; 95% CI: 2.50, 16.50)], smoking habit [current smoker (AOR = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.20, 9.50; former smoker (AOR = 2.70; 95% CI: 1.60, 6.80)] and comorbid hypertension (AOR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1, 5.40). The magnitude of DPN among DM patients at JUMC was high. Early detection and appropriate management is vital particularly for these with increasing age, comorbid hypertension and smoking habit.

Abdissa D ，Sorsa R ，Gerbi A ，Hamba N ，Banjaw Z ... -  《Heliyon》

Prevalence and associated factors of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy among diabetic patients on follow up at Jimma University Medical Center.

Despite having significant impact on the patient's quality of life, painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) is usually underdiagnosed. Screening for PDPN in patients with diabetes is needed in order to get timely identification and management. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of PDPN among diabetes patients attending outpatient at Jimma University Medical Center from September 1 November 10, 2019. Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted and douleur neuropathique-4 was used to identify the presence of PDPN. Data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire and entered into EPI data 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with PDPN. Variable having a p value of <0.25 in the bivariate model were considered as candidates for multivariable regression. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated at 95%CI and considered significant with a p value of <0.05. A total of 366 diabetic patients were enrolled into the study and their mean duration of diabetes was 6.8 ± 5.3 years. The study finding showed that the prevalence of PDPN was 14.5%. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis smoking [current smoker(AOR = 6.17; 95%CI:2.25,16.86),former smoker(AOR = 3.22;95%CI:1.29,8.03)],diabetes duration[5 to 10 years (AOR = 3.32;95%CI:1.29,8.53), ≥ 10 years (AOR = 8.86;95% CI: 3.49,22.5)] and comorbid hypertension [AOR = 2.54; 95%CI:1.17,5.49] were independent predictors of PDPN among study participants. The overall prevalence of PDPN in this study was 14.5% and it was significantly associated with smoking, comorbid hypertension and diabetes duration of above 5 years. Early detection and appropriate interventions are important for high risk patients identified in the current study.

Abdissa D 《Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders》