Contact Tracing for COVID-19: An Opportunity to Reduce Health Disparities and End the Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS Epidemic in the United States.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing and contact tracing have been proposed as critical components of a safe and effective coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health strategy. We argue that COVID-19 contact tracing may provide a unique opportunity to also conduct widespread HIV testing, among other health-promotion activities.

Nosyk B ，Armstrong WS ，Del Rio C 《-》

Home-Based Testing and COVID-19 Isolation Recommendations, United States.

Moonan PK ，Smith JP ，Borah BF ，Vohra D ，Matulewicz HH ，DeLuca N ，Caruso E ，Loosier PS ，Thorpe P ，Taylor MM ，Oeltmann JE ... -  《-》

Confronting Another Pandemic: Lessons from HIV can Inform Our COVID-19 Response.

Edelman EJ ，Aoun-Barakat L ，Villanueva M ，Friedland G ... -  《-》

The Potential Epidemiological Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Epidemic and the Cost-effectiveness of Linked, Opt-out HIV Testing: A Modeling Study in 6 US Cities.

Widespread viral and serological testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may present a unique opportunity to also test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We estimated the potential impact of adding linked, opt-out HIV testing alongside SARS-CoV-2 testing on the HIV incidence and the cost-effectiveness of this strategy in 6 US cities. Using a previously calibrated dynamic HIV transmission model, we constructed 3 sets of scenarios for each city: (1) sustained current levels of HIV-related treatment and prevention services (status quo); (2) temporary disruptions in health services and changes in sexual and injection risk behaviors at discrete levels between 0%-50%; and (3) linked HIV and SARS-CoV-2 testing offered to 10%-90% of the adult population in addition to Scenario 2. We estimated the cumulative number of HIV infections between 2020-2025 and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of linked HIV testing over 20 years. In the absence of linked, opt-out HIV testing, we estimated a total of a 16.5% decrease in HIV infections between 2020-2025 in the best-case scenario (50% reduction in risk behaviors and no service disruptions), and a 9.0% increase in the worst-case scenario (no behavioral change and 50% reduction in service access). We estimated that HIV testing (offered at 10%-90% levels) could avert a total of 576-7225 (1.6%-17.2%) new infections. The intervention would require an initial investment of $20.6M-$220.7M across cities; however, the intervention would ultimately result in savings in health-care costs in each city. A campaign in which HIV testing is linked with SARS-CoV-2 testing could substantially reduce the HIV incidence and reduce direct and indirect health care costs attributable to HIV.

Zang X ，Krebs E ，Chen S ，Piske M ，Armstrong WS ，Behrends CN ，Del Rio C ，Feaster DJ ，Marshall BDL ，Mehta SH ，Mermin J ，Metsch LR ，Schackman BR ，Strathdee SA ，Nosyk B ，Localized HIV Modeling Study ... -  《-》

Why Contact Tracing Efforts Have Failed to Curb Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Transmission in Much of the United States.

By late April 2020, public discourse in the United States had shifted toward the idea of using more targeted case-based mitigation tactics (eg, contact tracing) to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission while allowing for the safe "reopening" of society, in an effort to reduce the social, economic, and political ramifications associated with stricter approaches. Expanded tracing-testing efforts were touted as a key solution that would allow for a precision approach, thus preventing economies from having to shut down again. However, it is now clear that many regions of the United States were unable to mount robust enough testing-tracing programs to prevent major resurgences of disease. This viewpoint offers a discussion of why testing-tracing efforts failed to sufficiently mitigate COVID-19 across much of the nation, with the hope that such deliberation will help the US public health community better plan for the future.

Clark E ，Chiao EY ，Amirian ES 《-》