Arterial baroreflex regulation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity at rest and during stress.

The arterial baroreflex controls vasoconstrictor muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in a negative feedback manner by increasing or decreasing activity during spontaneous blood pressure falls or elevations, respectively. Spontaneous sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity is commonly quantified as the slope of the relationship between MSNA burst incidence or strength and beat-to-beat variations in absolute diastolic blood pressure. We assessed the relationships between blood pressure inputs related to beat-to-beat blood pressure change or blood pressure rate-of-change (variables largely independent of absolute pressure) and MSNA at rest and during exercise and mental stress. The number of participants with strong linear relationships between MSNA and beat-to-beat diastolic blood pressure change variables or absolute diastolic blood pressure were similar at rest, although during stress the beat-to-beat diastolic blood pressure change variables were superior. Current methods may not fully characterize the capacity of the arterial baroreflex to regulate MSNA. Spontaneous sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity (sBRS) is commonly quantified as the slope of the relationship between variations in absolute diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) burst incidence or strength. This relationship is well maintained at rest but not during stress. We assessed whether sBRS could be calculated at rest and during stress (static handgrip, rhythmic handgrip, mental stress) using blood pressure variables that quantify relative change: beat-to-beat DBP change (ΔDBP), ΔDBP rate-of-change (ΔDBP rate), pulse pressure (PP) and PP rate-of-change (PP rate). Sixty-six healthy participants underwent continuous measures of blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography) and multi-unit MSNA (microneurography). At rest, absolute DBP (91%), ΔDBP (97%) and ΔDBP rate (97%) each yielded higher proportions of participants with strong linear relationships (r ≥ 0.6) with MSNA burst incidence compared to PP (57%) and PP rate (56%) and produced similar sBRS slopes (DBP: -4.5 ± 2.0 bursts 100 heartbeats-1 /mmHg; ΔDBP: -5.0 ± 2.1 bursts 100 heartbeats-1 /ΔmmHg; ΔDBP rate: -4.9 ± 2.2 bursts 100 heartbeats-1 /ΔmmHg s-1 ; P > 0.05). During stress, ΔDBP (74%) and ΔDBP rate (74%) yielded higher proportions of strong linear relationships with MSNA burst incidence than absolute DBP (43%), PP (46%) and PP rate (49%) (all P < 0.05). The absolute DBP associated with a 50% chance of a MSNA burst (T50 ) was shifted rightward during static handgrip (Δ+15 ± 11 mmHg, P < 0.001) and mental stress (Δ+11 ± 7 mmHg, P < 0.001); however, the ΔDBP T50 was shifted rightward during static handgrip (Δ+2.5 ± 3.7 mmHg, P = 0.009) but not mental stress (Δ0.0 ± 4.4 mmHg, P = 0.99). These findings suggest that calculating sBRS using absolute DBP alone may not adequately characterize arterial baroreflex regulation of MSNA, particularly during stress.

Incognito AV ，Duplea SG ，Lee JB ，Sussman J ，Shepherd AD ，Doherty CJ ，Cacoilo JA ，Notay K ，Millar PJ ... -  《-》

Sympathetic arterial baroreflex hysteresis in humans: different patterns during low- and high-pressure levels.

Incognito AV ，Samora M ，Shepherd AD ，Cartafina RA ，Guimarães GMN ，Daher M ，Vianna LC ，Millar PJ ... -  《-》

Arterial baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in the transition from rest to steady-state dynamic exercise in humans.

Ogoh S ，Fisher JP ，Raven PB ，Fadel PJ ... -  《AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY》

Modulation of arterial baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity by muscle metaboreflex in humans.

Ichinose M ，Saito M ，Wada H ，Kitano A ，Kondo N ，Nishiyasu T ... -  《AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY》

Arterial baroreflex regulation of muscle sympathetic single-unit activity in men: influence of resting blood pressure.

Incognito AV ，Samora M ，Shepherd AD ，Cartafina RA ，Guimarães GMN ，Daher M ，Millar PJ ，Vianna LC ... -  《-》