Negative Schema and Rumination as Mediators of the Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Recent Suicidal Ideation in Patients With Early Psychosis.

High rates of childhood trauma and adult suicidality have been reported in patients who have schizophrenia. This study sought to explore mediators between childhood trauma and suicidality in adulthood to help determine therapeutic approaches. This study included 314 adult patients with early psychosis who were participants in the Korean Early Psychosis Cohort Study, which was a prospective naturalistic observational cohort study started in December 2014. DSM-5 criteria were used to assign the diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Cross-sectional data obtained at baseline were used for analysis. The Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form and the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale were employed to collect data on childhood trauma and suicidal ideation and attempts. Other measures were used to evaluate depression, empathy, psychopathology, and rumination. A total of 90.1% of the participants experienced at least 1 childhood traumatic event. The rates of significant` physical punishment, emotional abuse, and sexual events were 37.3%, 35.6%, and 6.4%, respectively. The rates of recent suicidal ideation and attempts were 32.0% and 10.0%, respectively. Independent predictors of recent suicidal ideation included depression, negative schema, and rumination. Furthermore, negative schema and rumination played partial or full mediating roles in the relationship between childhood trauma and recent suicidal ideation. These findings highlight the importance of performing careful evaluations of childhood trauma and suicidality and of developing effective strategies to reduce mediating factors that may be amenable to psychosocial approaches.

Cui Y ，Kim SW ，Lee BJ ，Kim JJ ，Yu JC ，Lee KY ，Won S ，Lee SH ，Kim SH ，Kang SH ，Kim E ，Piao YH ，Kang NI ，Chung YC ... -  《-》

Psychological factors intervening between childhood trauma and suicidality in first-episode psychosis.

Several studies have investigated childhood trauma (ChT) and suicidality in psychosis. However, psychological factors intervening between ChT and suicidality are not well understood. The aims of this study were to explore the roles of negative schema and rumination in the relationship between ChT and suicidality in first-episode psychosis (FEP). Participants were 306 patients with FEP who were enrolled in the Korean Early Psychosis Cohort Study, a prospective naturalistic observational cohort study. ChT, suicidality, negative schema, and rumination were evaluated using the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form, Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, Brief Core Schema Scale, and Brooding Scale. In addition, psychopathology and depression were evaluated. Structural equation model and a phantom approach were employed to analyze the pathway from ChT to suicidality. We found close associations between ChT, rumination, negative schema, and suicidality. Importantly, negative schema played a direct intervening role in the relationship between ChT and suicidality in patients with FEP. Our findings suggest that targeting negative schema in individuals with FEP exposed to ChT will be an effective strategy for reducing suicidality.

Cui Y ，Piao Y ，Kim SW ，Lee BJ ，Kim JJ ，Yu JC ，Lee KY ，Won SH ，Lee SH ，Kim SH ，Kang SH ，Kim E ，Kim N ，Chung YC ... -  《-》

Childhood trauma, depression, and sleep quality and their association with psychotic symptoms and suicidality in schizophrenia.

This study involved the examination of the relationship between childhood trauma and both psychotic symptoms and suicidality in patients with schizophrenia after controlling for the possible confounding factors, such as clinical features, depression, and sleep quality. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the suicidality subscale of Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) were administered to 199 patients with schizophrenia. We used sequential multiple stepwise regression analyses in which positive symptoms, negative symptoms, overall psychopathology, total symptoms of schizophrenia, and suicidality were dependent variables. Depressive symptomatology and childhood physical abuse significantly contributed to positive, negative, general psychopathology, and global schizophrenia symptomatology. Interestingly, general psychopathology scores were negatively associated with childhood physical neglect. Also, subjective sleep quality significantly contributed to positive schizophrenia symptoms. Although prior suicide attempts and depression were significant antecedents of suicidal ideation, no association between suicidality and both childhood trauma and sleep was found. Childhood physical abuse could have an impact on psychopathology in schizophrenia. In addition to childhood trauma, depression, sleep disturbances, and clinical features should be considered and inquired about in the course of clinical care of schizophrenia patients.

Kilicaslan EE ，Esen AT ，Kasal MI ，Ozelci E ，Boysan M ，Gulec M ... -  《-》

Trauma and Suicide: A Pilot Study Assessing Risk in Adults Diagnosed With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.

Allen AR ，Hagen KM 《-》

Childhood trauma and the likelihood of increased suicidal risk in schizophrenia.

The aims of the present study were to investigate the dimensions of childhood trauma (CT) in patients with schizophrenia, and to predict suicidal risk (e.g., current suicidal ideation and lifetime suicide attempts) by CT dimensions and clinical factors (positive and negative symptoms and depression). Eighty-two inpatients with schizophrenia completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI); they were also administered the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).The presence of lifetime suicide attempts was assessed by structured diagnostic clinical interview. Patients with lifetime suicide attempts scored higher on sexual abuse than those without attempts after controlling for depression severity. Patients with high suicidal risk had higher scores on physical neglect than those without high risk after controlling for depression severity. Patients with high CT had higher scores on negative and positive symptoms, current suicidal ideation, and depression than those with low CT. Logistic regression analyses indicated that sexual abuse was a unique predictor of lifetime suicide attempts, and that physical neglect and depression were unique predictors of current suicidal ideation. These findings indicate that patients with schizophrenia who have experienced CT may be at increased risk for suicide.

Mohammadzadeh A ，Azadi S ，King S ，Khosravani V ，Sharifi Bastan F ... -  《-》