Schizandrin A supplementation improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet.

We hypothesized that schizandrin (SCH) A, a lignan found in the fruits of the Schisandra genus, would exert protective effects against high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via regulation of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. To test our hypothesis, male C57BL/6J mice were fed an HFHC diet with or without SCH A for 15 weeks. There were no significant differences in food intake, body weight, fat mass, and plasma total cholesterol level between the 2 groups. However, supplementation of SCH A significantly decreased levels of plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride, whereas plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was increased in the SCH A-supplemented mice. Moreover, hepatic free fatty acid, triglyceride, and cholesterol content, as well as hepatic lipid droplet accumulation, were markedly lower in the SCH A group in contrast to the control group. Activity of hepatic enzymes involved in fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis was significantly decreased by SCH A supplementation, whereas SCH A markedly increased hepatic β-oxidation and fatty acid oxidation-related gene expression as well as fecal excretion of free fatty acid and triglyceride. SCH A also significantly increased expression of genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis (biliary cholesterol excretion and cholesterol efflux to high-density lipoprotein) in the liver. Moreover, SCH A significantly decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation, which was accompanied by increased hepatic antioxidant enzymes activity. These results suggest that SCH A could alleviate HFHC diet-induced NAFLD by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress as well as fecal lipid excretion.

Jeong MJ ，Kim SR ，Jung UJ 《-》

Sesamin ameliorates hepatic steatosis and inflammation in rats on a high-fat diet via LXRα and PPARα.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined by a nonalcohol relevant pathological accumulation of fat in the liver. Previous studies have shown that sesamin exerts antioxidant effects and improves lipid metabolism of the fatty liver. In this study, we hypothesized that sesamin improves lipid homeostasis of Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) by regulating the expression of genes related to de novo lipogenesis and β-oxidation. We induced NAFLD in rats with HFD and examined the effect of sesamin in vivo. The results showed that HFD rats accumulated total cholesterol and triacylglycerols in the liver and developed inflammation, as evidenced by the elevation of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the liver and serum. Sesamin attenuated the disease progression by improving the blood lipid profile in a dose-dependent manner. Sesamin reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and free fatty acid, whereas it increased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Meanwhile, sesamin increased the activities of hepatic glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase while reducing the level of malonaldehyde and cytochrome P450 2E1. Furthermore, higher doses of sesamin reduced the expression of liver X receptor α and its downstream target genes, whereas it upregulated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α-mediated signaling. These findings suggest that sesamin attenuates diet-induced dyslipidemia and inflammation of NAFLD in rats via mechanisms regulated by liver X receptor α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α.

Zhang R ，Yu Y ，Hu S ，Zhang J ，Yang H ，Han B ，Cheng Y ，Luo X ... -  《-》

Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on hepatic dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in high fat diet-induced steatosis.

Hirotani Y ，Ozaki N ，Tsuji Y ，Urashima Y ，Myotoku M ... -  《-》

Schisandrin B: A Double-Edged Sword in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Leong PK ，Ko KM 《-》

SGL 121 Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Adjusting Lipid Metabolism Through AMPK Signaling Pathway.

Kim DE ，Chang BY ，Jeon BM ，Baek JI ，Kim SC ，Kim SY ... -  《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES》