The Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Chinese Elderly Nursing Home Residents: A Comparison of 4 Diagnostic Criteria.

To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia defined by different criteria in nursing home residents. A cross-sectional study. Four nursing homes in Chengdu, China. Elderly adults aged 65 years or older. We applied 4 diagnostic criteria [European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS), and Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH)] to define sarcopenia. Muscle mass, strength, and function were measured based on bioimpedance analysis, handgrip strength, and walking speed, respectively. Nutrition status, activities of daily living, calf circumference (CC), and other covariates were evaluated. We included 277 participants. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 32.5%, 34.3%, 38.3%, and 31.4% according to the EWGSOP, AWGS, IWGS, and FNIH criteria, respectively. Fifty-eight participants (20.9%) were sarcopenic by all the 4 criteria. Regardless of the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia, malnutrition was independently associated with sarcopenia [EWGSOP: odds ratio (OR) 4.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-15.39; IWGS: OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.23-4.90; AWGS: OR 3.29, 95% CI 1.49-7.28; FNIH: OR 4.52, 95% CI 1.28-16.00], whereas CC was negatively associated with sarcopenia [EWGSOP: OR per standard deviation (SD) 0.32, 95% CI 0.20-0.52; IWGS: OR per SD 0.26, 95% CI 0.15-0.43; AWGS: OR per SD 0.32, 95% CI 0.19-0.52; FNIH: OR per SD 0.39, 95% CI 0.25-0.60]. Furthermore, falls ≥1 time in the past year were associated with AWGS-defined sarcopenia (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.04-8.22). Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in elderly Chinese nursing home residents regardless of the diagnostic criteria. Malnutrition and CC are associated with sarcopenia defined by different criteria. Therefore, it is important to assess sarcopenia and malnutrition in the management of nursing home residents. Prospective studies addressing the outcomes of sarcopenia in nursing home residents are warranted.

Zeng Y ，Hu X ，Xie L ，Han Z ，Zuo Y ，Yang M ... -  《-》

Comparison of revised EWGSOP criteria and four other diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia in Chinese community-dwelling elderly residents.

To compare the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia defined by the revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria with the initial European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP1) criteria, the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), the International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS), and the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Sarcopenia Project criteria among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. A cross-sectional study. Two community health centers in Urumqi, China. A total of 483 participants aged 60 years and older from the community. Anthropometry, skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, 4-m walking speed, and biochemical markers. Questionnaire collected information included demographics, lifestyle, and quality of life. The prevalence of EWGSOP2-defined sarcopenia (men: 6.5%; women: 3.3%) was lower than that defined by the EWGSOP1 (men: 22.3%; women 11.7%), AWGS (men: 10.9%; women: 8.0%), and IWGS (men: 24.5%; women: 11.0%) criteria, but higher than FNIH criteria (men: 6.0%; women: 1.7%). The positive percent agreement was lower (men: 15.6%-63.6%; women: 15.2%-40.0%), while negative percent agreement was higher (men: 96.4%-100.0%; women: 97.3%-99.6%). Sex (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.12-0.81), education level (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29-0.83), and body mass index (BMI, OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62-0.86) were associated with sarcopenia defined by the EWGSOP2 criteria. No consistent pattern of risk factors associated with sarcopenia in EWGSOP2 and four other diagnostic criteria was present. The EWGSOP2 criteria did not agree with the EWGSOP1, AWGS, IWGA, and FNIH criteria defining sarcopenia. Risk factors associated with the EWGSOP2-defined sarcopenia have no consistent patterns with the EWGSOP1, AWGS, IWGA, and FNIH criteria. Therefore, the validity of the EWGSOP2 consensus needs to be confirmed in further prospective studies.

Yang L ，Yao X ，Shen J ，Sun G ，Sun Q ，Tian X ，Li X ，Li X ，Ye L ，Zhang Z ，Dai J ，Xiao H ... -  《-》

Sarcopenia prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in older people living in a nursing home in Ankara Turkey.

Sarcopenia is prevalent in older people, and is related to survival and disability. There are no data on sarcopenia evaluated according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria for nursing home residents in Turkey. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria and associated factors with sarcopenia among nursing home residents in Turkey. The study cohort consisted of individuals aged over 65 years and living in the Seyranbağları Nursing Home and Rehabilitation Center in Ankara, Turkey. Besides demographic and medical data, Mini-Mental State Examination, activities of daily living, Mini-Nutritional Assessment, body mass index, calf circumference, gait speed and handgrip strength were also investigated. Muscle mass was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria. A total of 141 older individuals were evaluated. Sarcopenia was found in 29% (n = 41) of the participants. Participants with sarcopenia were older and had low scores for activities of daily living, low body mass index, greater cognitive dysfunction, high malnutrition risk and low calf circumference. Body mass index and calf circumference were found to be associated with sarcopenia in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Almost one-third of older nursing home residents were diagnosed with sarcopenia according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria in this study in Turkey. Calf circumference and body mass index were associated with increased risk of sarcopenia among nursing home residents. This is the first study evaluating sarcopenia using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria in Turkey. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 903-910.

Yalcin A ，Aras S ，Atmis V ，Cengiz OK ，Varli M ，Cinar E ，Atli T ... -  《-》

The Comparison of Sarcopenia Diagnostic Criteria using AWGS 2019 with the Other Five Criteria in West China.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia defined by different criteria in community-dwelling adults of west China using the baseline data of West-China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Adults aged 50 years or older in communities of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Xinjiang provinces were enrolled in this study. We applied 6 -diagnostic criteria (AWGS 2019, AWGS 2014, EWGSOP1, -EWGSOP2, IWGS, and FNIH) to define sarcopenia. Muscle mass was measured based on bioimpedance analysis. Handgrip strength and walking speed were recorded, respectively. Different variables like anthropometry measures, lifestyles, chronic disease, and blood test were collected. We included 4,500 participants. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.8, 19.3, 57.1, 11.8, 24.1, and 18.1% according to the AWGS 2019, AWGS 2014, EWGSOP 1, EWGSOP 2, IWGS, and FNIH criteria, respectively. We found that serum albumin level was independently associated with sarcopenia using AWGS 2019 and IWGS. And vitamin D level was independently associated with sarcopenia using AWGS 2014, -EWGSOP2, and FNIH. While age, depressive status, BMI, hemoglobin, vitamin D, and insulin level were all significantly associated with sarcopenia using AWGS 2014, but all of these factors were not significant using AWGS 2019. Sarcopenia was highly prevalent in west China regardless of the diagnostic criteria. Serum albumin and vitamin D level were mostly associated with sarcopenia defined by different criteria. While most risk factors associated with the AWGS 2014-defined sarcopenia exhibited no consistent pattern with AWGS 2019, the validity of the AWGS 2019 consensus needs to be confirmed in further prospective studies.

Liu X ，Hou L ，Zhao W ，Xia X ，Hu F ，Zhang G ，Hao Q ，Zhou L ，Liu Y ，Ge M ，Zhang Y ，Yue J ，Dong B ... -  《-》

Screening Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: SARC-F vs SARC-F Combined With Calf Circumference (SARC-CalF).

To compare the diagnostic value of the 5-component questionnaire that measures strength, assistance walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls (SARC-F) and SARC-F combined with calf circumference (SARC-CalF) for screening sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. A diagnostic accuracy study. A community in Chengdu, China. Older adults aged 60 years or older. Muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance were estimated using a bioimpedance analysis device, handgrip strength, and gait speed, respectively. Four commonly used diagnostic criteria [European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS), and Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria] were applied as the reference standard, separately. The sensitivity/specificity analyses of the SARC-F and SARC-CalF methods were evaluated. The receiver operating characteristics curves and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curves were used to compare the overall diagnostic accuracy of the SARC-F and SARC-CalF for identifying sarcopenia. We included 160 men and 224 women. Based on the 4 diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 11.7% to 25.0%. Using the AWGS criteria as the reference standard, the SARC-CalF had a sensitivity of 60.7% and a specificity of 94.7% in the whole study population, whereas the SARC-F had a sensitivity of 29.5% and a specificity of 98.1%. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curves for SARC-CalF and SARC-F were 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.89‒0.94) and 0.89 (95% confidence interval 0.86‒0.92), respectively (P = .003). We obtained similar results when using the other 3 criteria as the reference standard. Subgroup analyses revealed similar results in both men and women. SARC-CalF significantly improves the sensitivity and overall diagnostic accuracy of SARC-F for screening sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.

Yang M ，Hu X ，Xie L ，Zhang L ，Zhou J ，Lin J ，Wang Y ，Li Y ，Han Z ，Zhang D ，Zuo Y ，Li Y ，Wu L ... -  《-》