Interrelationships Among Flow-Mediated Vasodilation, Nitroglycerine-Induced Vasodilation, Baseline Brachial Artery Diameter, Hyperemic Shear Stress, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors.

Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery has been used for the assessment of endothelial function. Considering the mechanism underlying the vasodilatory response of the brachial artery to reactive hyperemia, hyperemic shear stress (HSS), a stimulus for FMD; nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (NID), an index of endothelium-independent vasodilation; and baseline brachial artery diameter (BAD) are also involved in vasodilatory response. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interrelationships among FMD, HSS, NID, baseline BAD, and cardiovascular risk factors. We measured FMD, HSS, NID, and baseline BAD simultaneously in 1033 participants (633 men and 400 women; mean age: 58.6±17.0 years). Framingham risk score was negatively correlated with FMD, HSS, and NID and was positively correlated with baseline BAD. HSS and NID were positively correlated with FMD, and baseline BAD was negatively correlated with FMD. In participants with normal NID, FMD was correlated with HSS, NID, and baseline BAD, all of which were independent variables of FMD in multivariate analysis. In participants with impaired NID, FMD was correlated with NID and baseline BAD, both of which were independent variables of FMD in multivariate analysis, but there was no association between FMD and HSS. NID and baseline BAD were independent variables of FMD regardless of the status of endothelium-independent vasodilation, whereas there was a significant association between FMD and HSS in participants with normal NID but not in those with impaired NID. The influence of HSS on FMD seems to be dependent on the status of endothelium-independent vasodilation.

Maruhashi T ，Iwamoto Y ，Kajikawa M ，Oda N ，Kishimoto S ，Matsui S ，Hashimoto H ，Aibara Y ，Yusoff FM ，Hidaka T ，Kihara Y ，Chayama K ，Noma K ，Nakashima A ，Goto C ，Hida E ，Higashi Y ... -  《Journal of the American Heart Association》

Diagnostic Criteria of Flow-Mediated Vasodilation for Normal Endothelial Function and Nitroglycerin-Induced Vasodilation for Normal Vascular Smooth Muscle Function of the Brachial Artery.

Maruhashi T ，Kajikawa M ，Kishimoto S ，Hashimoto H ，Takaeko Y ，Yamaji T ，Harada T ，Han Y ，Aibara Y ，Mohamad Yusoff F ，Hidaka T ，Kihara Y ，Chayama K ，Nakashima A ，Goto C ，Tomiyama H ，Takase B ，Kohro T ，Suzuki T ，Ishizu T ，Ueda S ，Yamazaki T ，Furumoto T ，Kario K ，Inoue T ，Koba S ，Watanabe K ，Takemoto Y ，Hano T ，Sata M ，Ishibashi Y ，Node K ，Maemura K ，Ohya Y ，Furukawa T ，Ito H ，Ikeda H ，Yamashina A ，Higashi Y ... -  《-》

Relationships Between Calcium Channel Blockers and Vascular Function Tests.

Differences between the effects of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and other antihypertensive drugs on vascular function have not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the confounding effect of CCBs on vascular function tests. We measured flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (NID), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in 1,134 subjects who underwent health-screening examinations or who visited the outpatient clinic at Hiroshima University Hospital. FMD and NID were significantly lower (4.3 ± 3.2% vs. 2.3 ± 2.4% and 14.1 ± 5.8% vs. 10.6 ± 5.3%, P < 0.001, respectively) and baPWV was significantly higher (1,604 ± 412 cm/s vs. 1,715 ± 343 cm/s, P < 0.001) in subjects receiving CCB treatment than in subjects without CCB treatment. Multivariate analyses revealed that CCB treatment was significantly associated with lower FMD (β = -0.151, P < 0.001) and lower NID (β = -0.120, P < 0.001) but not with baPWV (β = 0.017, P = 0.42). Propensity score matching analyses revealed that FMD and NID were significantly lower and baseline brachial artery diameter was significantly larger in subjects receiving CCB monotherapy than in subjects without antihypertensive medication or subjects receiving non-CCB antihypertensive monotherapy. CCB treatment was significantly associated with lower FMD and lower NID, which might be, at least in part, due to larger baseline brachia artery diameter, whereas there was no significant association between CCB treatment and baPWV. FMD and NID may be of no use as prognostic markers of cardiovascular events in individuals who have been receiving CCB treatment. Trial Number UMIN000003409.

Maruhashi T ，Kajikawa M ，Kishimoto S ，Matsui S ，Hashimoto H ，Takaeko Y ，Aibara Y ，Yusoff FM ，Hidaka T ，Chayama K ，Noma K ，Nakashima A ，Goto C ，Kihara Y ，Higashi Y ... -  《-》

The relationship between cardiovascular risk estimated by use of SCORE system and intima media thickness and flow mediated dilatation in a low risk population.

Wierzbicka-Chmiel J ，Mizia-Stec K ，Haberka M ，Chmiel A ，Mizia M ，Gasior Z ... -  《-》

Nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation for assessment of vascular function: a comparison with flow-mediated vasodilation.

Maruhashi T ，Soga J ，Fujimura N ，Idei N ，Mikami S ，Iwamoto Y ，Kajikawa M ，Matsumoto T ，Hidaka T ，Kihara Y ，Chayama K ，Noma K ，Nakashima A ，Goto C ，Higashi Y ... -  《-》