Carthamus tinctorius L. extract improves hemodynamic and vascular alterations in a rat model of renovascular hypertension through Ang II-AT(1)R-NADPH oxidase pathway.

Carthamus tinctorius L. (CT) is widely used in Asian countries as a beverage and in folk medicine. The effects of CT extract on hemodynamics, vascular remodeling, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and oxidative stress in the two-kidney, one clip (2K-1C) hypertensive rat model were investigated. Renovascular hypertension was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats and were treated with CT extract (500mg/kg/day) or captopril (5mg/kg/day) or vehicle for four weeks. CT extract or captopril reduced blood pressure, hindlimb vascular resistance, and increased hindlimb blood flow in 2K-1C hypertensive rats (p<0.05). Increases in aortic wall thickness, cross-sectional area and collagen deposition in 2K-1C rats were alleviated with CT extract or captopril treatment (p<0.05). CT extract or captopril suppressed RAS activation, including elevated serum ACE activity, and plasma Ang II level and up-regulated aortic AT1R protein expression in 2K-1C rats (p<0.05). Furthermore, CT extract or captopril reduced vascular superoxide production, aortic NADPH oxidase subunit gp91phox expression and increased plasma nitric oxide metabolite levels in 2K-1C rats (p<0.05). These findings suggest that CT extract ameliorated hemodynamic alteration and vascular remodeling in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. Possible mechanisms may involve RAS inhibitor effects and potent antioxidant activity.

Bunbupha S ，Wunpathe C ，Maneesai P ，Berkban T ，Kukongviriyapan U ，Kukongviriyapan V ，Prachaney P ，Pakdeechote P ... -  《-》

Effect of asiatic acid on the Ang II-AT(1)R-NADPH oxidase-NF-κB pathway in renovascular hypertensive rats.

Maneesai P ，Bunbupha S ，Kukongviriyapan U ，Senggunprai L ，Kukongviriyapan V ，Prachaney P ，Pakdeechote P ... -  《-》

Synergistic Antihypertensive Effect of Carthamus tinctorius L. Extract and Captopril in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats via Restoration of eNOS and AT₁R Expression.

Maneesai P ，Prasarttong P ，Bunbupha S ，Kukongviriyapan U ，Kukongviriyapan V ，Tangsucharit P ，Prachaney P ，Pakdeechote P ... -  《Nutrients》

Carthamus Tinctorius L. extract attenuates cardiac remodeling in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats by inhibiting the NADPH oxidase-mediated TGF-β1 and MMP-9 pathway.

Carthamus tinctorius L. (CT) has been widely used in Asian countries as a beverage and a folk medicine. The current study investigates the effect of CT extract on cardiac remodeling and possible mechanisms involved in Nw-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated with L-NAME (40mg/kg/day) for five weeks to induce hypertension. Hypertensive rats were treated with CT extract (300mg/kg/day) or captopril (5mg/kg/day) or vehicle for a further two weeks. Treatment of hypertensive rats with CT extract or captopril significantly decreased systolic blood pressure, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and fibrosis, small intramyocardial coronary artery remodeling, and cardiac weight index. CT extract or captopril increased plasma nitric oxide metabolite (NOx) levels and reduced plasma transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) level, together with downregulation of cardiac TGF-β1 and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) expression. In addition, decreased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, consistent with downregulation of NADPH oxidase subunit gp91phox expression in heart tissue, was also observed after CT extract or captopril treatment. These findings suggest that CT extract alleviates cardiac remodeling in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats, which is possibly related to inhibition of the NADPH oxidase-mediated TGF-β1-MMP-9 pathway.

Bunbupha S ，Pakdeechote P ，Maneesai P ，Prachaney P ，Boonprom P ... -  《-》

Hesperidin Suppresses Renin-Angiotensin System Mediated NOX2 Over-Expression and Sympathoexcitation in 2K-1C Hypertensive Rats.

Wunpathe C ，Potue P ，Maneesai P ，Bunbupha S ，Prachaney P ，Kukongviriyapan U ，Kukongviriyapan V ，Pakdeechote P ... -  《-》