Prevalence of cervical colonization by Ureaplasma parvum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium in childbearing age women by a commercially available multiplex real-time PCR: An Italian observational multicentre study.

Mycoplasmas are frequently isolated from the genital tract. New molecular PCR-based methods for the detection of mycoplasmas can better define the real epidemiology of these microorganisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of mycoplasmas in a population of childbearing age women by means of PCR. This 21-month multicentre observational study was conducted at four Italian clinical microbiology laboratories. Women reporting symptoms of vaginitis/cervicitis, or with history of infertility, pregnancy, miscarriage or preterm birth were included. Detection of Ureaplasma parvum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium was performed from cervical swabs by means of a commercially available multiplex real-time PCR. a total of 1761 women fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The overall prevalence was: U. parvum 38.3%, U. urealyticum 9%, M. hominis 8.6% and M. genitalium 0.6%. The proportion of foreign patients positive for U. parvum was significantly higher compared to Italian patients (37% vs 30.1%, p = 0.007) and also for overall mycoplasma colonization (53.4% vs 45.8%, p = 0.011). The number of symptomatic patients positive for M. hominis was significantly higher than that of negative controls (2.9% vs 1%, p = 0.036). A significant positive trend in mycoplasma colonization was found in relation to the pregnancy week for U. urealyticum (p = 0.015), M. hominis (p = 0.044) and for overall mycoplasma colonization (p = 0.002). multiplex RT-PCR can be a valuable tool to evaluate the real epidemiology of cervical mycoplasma colonization.

Leli C ，Mencacci A ，Latino MA ，Clerici P ，Rassu M ，Perito S ，Castronari R ，Pistoni E ，Luciano E ，De Maria D ，Morazzoni C ，Pascarella M ，Bozza S ，Sensini A ... -  《-》

Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium infections and semen quality of infertile men.

Gdoura R ，Kchaou W ，Chaari C ，Znazen A ，Keskes L ，Rebai T ，Hammami A ... -  《BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES》

[Diagnosis of Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma parvum y Ureaplasma urealyticum in patients with bacterial vaginosis].

Fernández Molina C ，Zamora Martínez Y ，Rodríguez PN ，Rodríguez González I ，Berdasquera Corcho D ，Ortega González LM ... -  《-》

Mollicutes in vaginal microbiology: Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum and Mycoplasma genitalium.

Mycoplasma hominis was isolated in 1937 from the human genital tract, followed 17 years later by Ureaplasma urealyticum and 27 years after that by Mycoplasma genitalium. The first two proved relatively easy to culture but the latter required a polymerase chain reaction assay for further studies. In sexually mature women, M. hominis may be found in the vagina/cervix of about 20-50%, ureaplasmas in 40-80% and M. genitalium in 0-5%. Some heterogeneity has been found among strains of all these species, sufficient to divide ureaplasmas into two species, namely U. urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum. Studies in female mice show that sex hormones have a profound influence on colonization, multiplication and persistence of mycoplasmas/ureaplasmas in the genital tract and provoke the question, unanswered, of whether there is such an effect in the human tract. In women, there is no evidence that any of the mycoplasmal species stimulate an inflammatory vaginitis. M. hominis organisms increase hugely in number in the case of bacterial vaginosis (BV), and to a lesser extent so do ureaplasmas. Despite this, they have not been incriminated as a sole cause of BV. Evidence for the involvement of M. genitalium remains controversial. The strong association of BV with preterm birth raises the possibility that the genital mycoplasmas might play a part, but assurance that any do will be difficult to obtain. Detailed examination of the vaginal microbiome has not yet provided an answer.

Taylor-Robinson D 《-》

Detection of Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Ureaplasma parvum DNAs in urine from asymptomatic healthy young Japanese men.

Takahashi S ，Takeyama K ，Miyamoto S ，Ichihara K ，Maeda T ，Kunishima Y ，Matsukawa M ，Tsukamoto T ... -  《JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY》