Serum Neuronal Biomarkers in Neonates With Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.

Newborns with congenital heart disease have associated brain damage that affects short-and long-term neurodevelopment. Several neuronal biomarkers exist that could predict brain damage. We investigated the pattern of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and s100B levels after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in neonates with congenital heart disease. We completed a prospective observational study of neonates with congenital heart disease who were undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. NSE and s100B levels were measured from serum samples obtained preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and once daily on postoperative days one to seven. Cranial ultrasounds were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively and findings were scored using an internally developed scoring system. Eighteen neonates were included. Immediate postoperative and peak levels of both NSE (58.0 [21.6] and 68.1 [55.7] μg/L) and s100B (0.14 [0.3] and 0.14 [0.3] μg/L) were significantly increased when compared with preoperative levels (34.0 [21.6] μg/L; P < 0.01 and 0.08 [0.1] μg/L; P < 0.02). By postoperative day seven, NSE and s100B levels were lower than preoperative levels: NSE (18 [5.7]; P = 0.09) and s100B (0.03 [0.05]; P < 0.01). Postoperative s100B levels were negatively correlated with age at surgery and positively correlated with circulatory arrest time. Although there was no significant correlation between either NSE or s100B levels and intensive care unit length of stay, hospital length of stay, and pediatric cerebral performance category score, there was a negative correlation between postoperative levels of NSE and ventriculomegaly. NSE and s100B levels increase after bypass surgery and return below preoperative baseline levels by postoperative day seven. The levels of s100B were positively correlated with circulatory arrest time and negatively correlated with age at time of surgery. This finding may be supportive of pre-existing prenatal brain injury that could be enhanced by longer surgical times but also of some brain protection effect associated with longer wait until surgery.

Trakas E ，Domnina Y ，Panigrahy A ，Baust T ，Callahan PM ，Morell VO ，Munoz R ，Bell MJ ，Sanchez-de-Toledo J ... -  《-》

S100B and its relation to cerebral oxygenation in neonates and infants undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease.

Neonates and infants undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease are at risk for developmental impairment. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury might be one contributing factor. We aimed to investigate the perioperative release of the astrocyte protein S100B and its relation to cerebral oxygenation. Serum S100B was measured before and 0, 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. Cerebral oxygen saturation was derived by near-infrared spectroscopy. S100B reference values based on preoperative samples; concentrations above the 75th percentile were defined as elevated. Patients with elevated S100B at 24 or 48 hours were compared to cases with S100B in the normal range. Neonates (≤28 days) and infants (>28 and ≤365 days) were analyzed separately due to age-dependent release of S100B. Seventy-four patients underwent 94 surgical procedures (neonates, n = 38; infants, n = 56). S100B concentrations were higher in neonates before and after surgery at all time points (P ≤ .015). Highest values were noticed immediately after surgery. Postoperative S100B was elevated after 15 (40.5%) surgeries in neonates. There was no difference in pre-, intra-, or postoperative cerebral oxygenation. In infants, postoperative S100B was elevated after 23 (41.8%) procedures. Preoperative cerebral oxygen saturations tended to be lower (53 ± 12% vs 59 ± 12%, P = .069) and arterial-cerebral oxygen saturation difference was higher (35 ± 11% vs 28 ± 11%, P = .018) in infants with elevated postoperative S100B. In the early postoperative course, cerebral oxygen saturation was lower (54 ± 13% vs 63 ± 12%, P = .011) and arterial-cerebral oxygen saturation difference was wider (38 ± 11% vs 30 ± 10%, P = .008). Cerebral oxygen saturation was also lower for the entire postoperative course (62 ± 18% vs 67 ± 9%, P = .047). Postoperative S100B was elevated in about 40% of neonates and infants undergoing cardiac surgery. Infants with elevated postoperative S100B had impaired perioperative cerebral tissue oxygenation. No relation between S100B and cerebral oxygenation could be demonstrated in neonates.

Hansen JH ，Kissner L ，Logoteta J ，Jung O ，Dütschke P ，Attmann T ，Scheewe J ，Kramer HH ... -  《-》

S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase as predictors of cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A prospective observational study.

Silva FP ，Schmidt AP ，Valentin LS ，Pinto KO ，Zeferino SP ，Oses JP ，Wiener CD ，Otsuki DA ，Tort AB ，Portela LV ，Souza DO ，Auler JO Jr ，Carmona MJ ... -  《-》

The Prognostic Value of Serum Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) and S100B Level in Patients of Acute Spinal Cord Injury.

Du W ，Li H ，Sun J ，Xia Y ，Zhu R ，Zhang X ，Tian R ... -  《MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR》

Comparison of S100B and NSE between cardiac surgery and interventional therapy for children.

Liu Y ，Xu Y ，Li DZ ，Shi Y ，Ye M ... -  《-》