Three Drugs Approved for Urothelial Carcinoma by FDA.

The FDA has approved one PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor, pembrolizumab, and two PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors, avelumab and durvalumab, to treat metastatic urothelial carcinoma in patients whose disease continues to progress despite platinum-based chemotherapy. This brings the total number of checkpoint inhibitors for the disease to five, prompting questions about how best to use them.

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Emerging Role of Immunotherapy in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma.

Koshkin VS ，Grivas P 《-》

Durvalumab for the treatment of urothelial carcinoma.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer care in the modern era of oncology. Research in immunotherapy has led to important advances in the treatment of melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer and other malignancies using checkpoint inhibition. Multiple systemic immunotherapies have been approved or are currently being investigated for the management of urothelial malignancies (1). Five antibodies targeting the programmed cell death protein 1--programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-1--PD-L1) pathway have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of various malignancies: pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab. Recent publications illustrate that in specific stages, immunotherapy is more effective than chemotherapy with a better toxicity profile (1). Currently, the only FDA-approved indication for the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody durvalumab (MEDI-4736) is locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma that has progressed during or following platinum-based chemotherapy within 12 months of treatment. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of durvalumab leading to its approval for urothelial carcinoma.

Alsharedi M ，Srivastava R ，Elmsherghi N 《DRUGS OF TODAY》

Immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer: an update.

Sullivan K ，Preeshagul I ，Budman D ，Seetharamu N ... -  《-》

A Comprehensive Review of US FDA-Approved Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Urothelial Carcinoma.

Hsu FS ，Su CH ，Huang KH 《-》