Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide ameliorates anoxia/reoxygenation-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1), a main polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum, possesses potent antioxidant capacity and cardiovascular benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PSG-1 in oxidative stress and apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury conditions. The results showed that exposure of HUVECs to A/R triggered cell death and apoptosis. Administration of PSG-1 significantly inhibited A/R-induced cell death and apoptosis in HUVECs. PSG-1-reduced A/R injury was mediated via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, as evidenced by elevation of mitochondrial Bcl-2 protein and mitochondrial membrane potential, and attenuation of Bax translocation, cytochrome c release and caspases activation. Furthermore, PSG-1 enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione content, and concomitantly attenuated reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation and glutathione disulfide content. The antioxidant, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, significantly ameliorated all of these endothelial injuries caused by A/R, suggesting that antioxidant activities might play a key role in PSG-1-induced endothelial protection. Taken together, these findings suggested that PSG-1 could be as a promising adjuvant against endothelial dysfunction through ameliorating oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Zhang YS ，Li WJ ，Zhang XY ，Yan YX ，Nie SP ，Gong DM ，Tang XF ，He M ，Xie MY ... -  《-》

Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide protects cardiomyocytes against anoxia/reoxygenation-induced oxidative stress by mitochondrial pathway.

It is now well established that oxidative stress plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury. Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1), the most abundant component isolated from G. atrum, has been shown to possess potent antioxidant activity. The goals of this study were to investigate the effect of PSG-1 against oxidative stress induced by A/R injury and the possible mechanisms in cardiomyocytes. In this work, primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes pretreated with PSG-1 were subjected to A/R and subsequently monitored for cell viability by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)) were determined by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of cytochrome c, Bcl-2 family, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) proteins, and the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were determined by a colorimetric method. The results showed that PSG-1 protected against cell death caused by A/R injury in cardiomyocytes. PSG-1 reduced the A/R-induced ROS generation, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)), and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into cytosol. PSG-1 inhibited the A/R-stimulated activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and alteration of Bcl-2 family proteins. Moreover, PSG-1 significantly increased the protein expression of MnSOD in cardiomyocytes. These findings suggest that PSG-1 significantly attenuates A/R-induced oxidative stress and improves cell survival in cardiomyocytes through mitochondrial pathway.

Li WJ ，Nie SP ，Chen Y ，Xie MY ，He M ，Yu Q ，Yan Y ... -  《-》

Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharide Ameliorates Hyperglycemia-Induced Endothelial Cell Death via a Mitochondria-ROS Pathway.

Li WJ ，Nie SP ，Yao YF ，Liu XZ ，Shao DY ，Gong DM ，Cui SW ，Phillips GO ，He M ，Xie MY ... -  《-》

The protective effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide against anoxia/reoxygenation injury in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

Li WJ ，Nie SP ，Yan Y ，Zhu SB ，Xie MY ... -  《-》

Protective effects of a Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide against acrylamide induced oxidative damage via a mitochondria mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway in IEC-6 cells.

Jiang G ，Zhang L ，Wang H ，Chen Q ，Wu X ，Yan X ，Chen Y ，Xie M ... -  《-》