Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer: Cell-to-Cell Mediators of Metastasis.

Tumor-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) are critical mediators of intercellular communication between tumor cells and stromal cells in local and distant microenvironments. Accordingly, EVs play an essential role in both primary tumor growth and metastatic evolution. EVs orchestrate multiple systemic pathophysiological processes, such as coagulation, vascular leakiness, and reprogramming of stromal recipient cells to support pre-metastatic niche formation and subsequent metastasis. Clinically, EVs may be biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for cancer progression, particularly for predicting and preventing future metastatic development.

Becker A ，Thakur BK ，Weiss JM ，Kim HS ，Peinado H ，Lyden D ... -  《-》

Extracellular Vesicles: Messengers of p53 in Tumor-Stroma Communication and Cancer Metastasis.

Pavlakis E ，Neumann M ，Stiewe T 《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES》

The multifaceted role of extracellular vesicles in metastasis: Priming the soil for seeding.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, play a key role in inter and intracellular communication, promoting the proliferation and invasion of recipient cells to support tumor growth and metastasis. Metastasis comprises multiple steps that first include the detachment of tumor cells through epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), allowing the physical dissemination to distant organs. Thereafter, cancer-derived exosomes are still critical components for preparing the tumor microenvironment by (i) enabling tumor cells to escape from the immunological surveillance and (ii) arranging the pre-metastatic site for the engraftment of detached cancer cells. In this review, we discuss the multifaceted role of EVs in the multiple steps of metastasis. Future research directions draw attention to EVs as biological targets for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. However, due to their significant role in cell communication, they may become a valuable drug delivery system.

Dos Anjos Pultz B ，Andrés Cordero da Luz F ，Socorro Faria S ，Peixoto Ferreira de Souza L ，Cristina Brígido Tavares P ，Alonso Goulart V ，Fontes W ，Ricardo Goulart L ，José Barbosa Silva M ... -  《-》

Extracellular vesicles of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts creates a pre-metastatic niche in the lung through activating fibroblasts.

Kong J ，Tian H ，Zhang F ，Zhang Z ，Li J ，Liu X ，Li X ，Liu J ，Li X ，Jin D ，Yang X ，Sun B ，Guo T ，Luo Y ，Lu Y ，Lin B ，Liu T ... -  《Molecular Cancer》

Extracellular vesicles in cancer - implications for future improvements in cancer care.

Xu R ，Rai A ，Chen M ，Suwakulsiri W ，Greening DW ，Simpson RJ ... -  《-》