A polyphasic approach for characterization of a collection of cereal isolates of the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex.

DNA-based phylogenetic analyses have resolved the fungal genus Fusarium into multiple species complexes. The F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) includes fusaria associated with several diseases of agriculturally important crops, including cereals. Although members of FIESC are considered to be only moderately aggressive, they are able to produce a diversity of mycotoxins, including trichothecenes, which can accumulate to harmful levels in cereals. High levels of cryptic speciation have been detected within the FIESC. As a result, it is often necessary to use approaches other than morphological characterization to distinguish species. In the current study, we used a polyphasic approach to characterize a collection of 69 FIESC isolates recovered from cereals in Europe, Turkey, and North America. In a species phylogeny inferred from nucleotide sequences from four housekeeping genes, 65 of the isolates were resolved within the Equiseti clade of the FIESC, and four isolates were resolved within the Incarnatum clade. Seven isolates were resolved as a genealogically exclusive lineage, designated here as FIESC 31. Phylogenies based on nucleotide sequences of trichothecene biosynthetic genes and MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry) were largely concordant with phylogeny inferred from the housekeeping gene. Finally, Liquid Chromatography (Time-Of-Flight) Mass Spectrometry [LC-(TOF-)MS(/MS)] revealed variability in mycotoxin production profiles among the different phylogenetic species investigated in this study.

Villani A ，Moretti A ，De Saeger S ，Han Z ，Di Mavungu JD ，Soares CMG ，Proctor RH ，Venâncio A ，Lima N ，Stea G ，Paciolla C ，Logrieco AF ，Susca A ... -  《-》

Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex associated with Brazilian rice: Phylogeny, morphology and toxigenic potential.

Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) is commonly detected in Brazilian rice, but knowledge of the species limits and their toxigenic potential is lacking. Seventy strains morphologically identified as FIESC-like, isolated from the major rice-growing regions of Brazil, were subjected to sequencing of EF-1α gene. Among them, 18 strains were selected and analyzed for their RPB2 gene sequences. Nine phylogenetic species were identified, among which eight matched the previously reported FIESC 4 (F. lacertarum), 6, 16, 17 (F. pernambucanum), 20 (F. caatingaense), 24, 26 and 29. One new phylogenetic species was identified, and named FIESC 38. Five strains formed new singleton lineages. The most dominant species were FIESC 26 (22/70 strains) and FIESC 38 (21/70), the newly identified species. The incarnatum morphotype was dominant (10 phylogenetic species) over the equiseti (4 species). Among 46 strains selected to represent all species, only 16 strains produced detectable levels of mycotoxins in vitro. FIESC 26 produced ZEA and FIESC 38 produced both ZEA and DON. ZEA was produced by nine isolates of three other species, among which few isolates produced trichothecenes: DON (5/46), NIV (3/46), 4-ANIV (2/46), 15-ADON (1/46) and 3-ADON (1/46). The T-2 and HT-2 mycotoxins were not detected. Our results contribute novel information on species limits and mycotoxin production within cereal-infecting FIESC in the southern hemisphere and provide baseline data for further exploring morphological differences among the species.

Avila CF ，Moreira GM ，Nicolli CP ，Gomes LB ，Abreu LM ，Pfenning LH ，Haidukowski M ，Moretti A ，Logrieco A ，Del Ponte EM ... -  《-》

Phylogeny and Haplotype Analysis of Fungi Within the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti Species Complex.

Ramdial H ，Latchoo RK ，Hosein FN ，Rampersad SN ... -  《PHYTOPATHOLOGY》

Species Diversity and Toxigenic Potential of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti Species Complex Isolates from Rice and Soybean in China.

Lu Y ，Qiu J ，Wang S ，Xu J ，Ma G ，Shi J ，Bao Z ... -  《PLANT DISEASE》

Variation in secondary metabolite production potential in the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex revealed by comparative analysis of 13 genomes.

Villani A ，Proctor RH ，Kim HS ，Brown DW ，Logrieco AF ，Amatulli MT ，Moretti A ，Susca A ... -  《BMC GENOMICS》