Early-life gut microbiome composition and milk allergy resolution.

Gut microbiota may play a role in the natural history of cow's milk allergy. We sought to examine the association between early-life gut microbiota and the resolution of cow's milk allergy. We studied 226 children with milk allergy who were enrolled at infancy in the Consortium of Food Allergy observational study of food allergy. Fecal samples were collected at age 3 to 16 months, and the children were followed longitudinally with clinical evaluation, milk-specific IgE levels, and milk skin prick test performed at enrollment, 6 months, 12 months, and yearly thereafter up until age 8 years. Gut microbiome was profiled by 16s rRNA sequencing and microbiome analyses performed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology (QIIME), Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt), and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (STAMP). Milk allergy resolved by age 8 years in 128 (56.6%) of the 226 children. Gut microbiome composition at age 3 to 6 months was associated with milk allergy resolution by age 8 years (PERMANOVA P = .047), with enrichment of Clostridia and Firmicutes in the infant gut microbiome of subjects whose milk allergy resolved. Metagenome functional prediction supported decreased fatty acid metabolism in the gut microbiome of subjects whose milk allergy resolved (η2 = 0.43; ANOVA P = .034). Early infancy is a window during which gut microbiota may shape food allergy outcomes in childhood. Bacterial taxa within Clostridia and Firmicutes could be studied as probiotic candidates for milk allergy therapy.

Bunyavanich S ，Shen N ，Grishin A ，Wood R ，Burks W ，Dawson P ，Jones SM ，Leung DYM ，Sampson H ，Sicherer S ，Clemente JC ... -  《-》

Rectal bleeding in infancy: clinical, allergological, and microbiological examination.

Arvola T ，Ruuska T ，Keränen J ，Hyöty H ，Salminen S ，Isolauri E ... -  《-》

Early-life gut microbiome and egg allergy.

Gut microbiota may play a role in egg allergy. We sought to examine the association between early-life gut microbiota and egg allergy. We studied 141 children with egg allergy and controls from the multicenter Consortium of Food Allergy Research study. At enrollment (age 3 to 16 months), fecal samples were collected, and clinical evaluation, egg-specific IgE measurement, and egg skin prick test were performed. Gut microbiome was profiled by 16S rRNA sequencing. Analyses for the primary outcome of egg allergy at enrollment, and the secondary outcomes of egg sensitization at enrollment and resolution of egg allergy by age 8 years, were performed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology, Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States, and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles. Compared to controls, increased alpha diversity and distinct taxa (PERMANOVA P = 5.0 × 10-4 ) characterized the early-life gut microbiome of children with egg allergy. Genera from the Lachnospiraceae, Streptococcaceae, and Leuconostocaceae families were differentially abundant in children with egg allergy. Predicted metagenome functional analyses showed differential purine metabolism by the gut microbiota of egg-allergic subjects (Kruskal-Wallis Padj  = 0.021). Greater gut microbiome diversity and genera from Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae were associated with egg sensitization (PERMANOVA P = 5.0 × 10-4 ). Among those with egg allergy, there was no association between early-life gut microbiota and egg allergy resolution by age 8 years. The distinct early-life gut microbiota in egg-allergic and egg-sensitized children identified by our study may point to targets for preventive or therapeutic intervention.

Fazlollahi M ，Chun Y ，Grishin A ，Wood RA ，Burks AW ，Dawson P ，Jones SM ，Leung DYM ，Sampson HA ，Sicherer SH ，Bunyavanich S ... -  《-》

Fecal Changes Following Introduction of Milk in Infants With Outgrowing Non-IgE Cow's Milk Protein Allergy Are Influenced by Previous Consumption of the Probiotic LGG.

Guadamuro L ，Diaz M ，Jiménez S ，Molinos-Norniella C ，Pérez-Solis D ，Rodríguez JM ，Bousoño C ，Gueimonde M ，Margolles A ，Delgado S ，Díaz JJ ... -  《Frontiers in Immunology》

Specific Gut Microbiome Signatures in Children with Cow's Milk Allergy.

Moriki D ，León ED ，García-Gamero G ，Jiménez-Hernández N ，Artacho A ，Pons X ，Koumpagioti D ，Dinopoulos A ，Papaevangelou V ，Priftis KN ，Douros K ，Francino MP ... -  《-》