Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure and lung function decline among coke-oven workers: A four-year follow-up study.

This study aimed to investigate quantitative relationships of urinary PAH metabolites with lung function declines among coke-oven workers. We performed a prospective investigation involving 1243 workers with follow-up periods from 2010 to 2014. Their lung function measurements, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the percentage of predicted FVC (FVC%) and FEV1 (FEV1%), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity (FEF25-75), were detected in both baseline (2010) and follow-up study (2014). We also detected the urinary concentrations of 12 PAH metabolites in the baseline study. The relationships between the baseline urinary PAH metabolites and 4-year lung function declines were analyzed by multivariate linear regressions, with adjustment for potential confounders. We found that the baseline concentrations of urinary 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHNa), 2-OHNa, 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-OHFlu), 9-OHFlu, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-OHPh), 2-OHPh, and ΣOH-PAHs were significantly associated with accelerated decline in FEV1/FVC [all β>0 and false discovery rate (FDR) P<0.05]. Additionally, the baseline levels of urinary 1-OHNa, 1-OHPh, 2-OHPh, 9-OHPh, 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), and ΣOH-PAHs were associated with significantly deeper decline in FEF25-75 (all β>0 and FDR P<0.10). When using backward selection to adjustment for 10 urinary PAH metabolites, the most significant determiner for FEV1/FVC decline was 1-OHNa among nonsmokers and 9-OHFlu among smokers, and the significant determiner for FEF25-75 decline was 9-OHPh among nonsmokers and 1-OHP among smokers. This longitudinal study revealed that higher baseline exposure levels of PAHs could lead to greater decline in lung function over a 4-year follow-up.

Wang S ，Bai Y ，Deng Q ，Chen Z ，Dai J ，Li X ，Zhang W ，Zhang X ，He M ，Wu T ，Guo H ... -  《-》

Longitudinal association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and genetic risk with lung function.

To quantify the association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the polygenic risk score (PRS) with lung function decline, we developed a repeated-measures study with 4681 observations from baseline and 6-year follow-up of the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. Lung function and urinary monohydroxylated PAH metabolites (OH-PAHs) were measured for each observation. The PRS was derived from 246 lung function-associated genetic variants weighted by the effect size of the decreasing ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s by forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC). Linear mixed models were used to estimate the longitudinal exposure-response relationships between OH-PAHs and lung function, and to evaluate the interactions between OH-PAHs and PRS on the longitudinal change of lung function. We found that each 1-unit increase in log-transformed values of 9-hydroxyfluorene, 2-hydroxyfluorene, 4-hydroxyphenanthrene, 9-hydroxyphenanthrene, 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, 1-hydroxypyrene, low molecular weight OH-PAHs (ΣLMW-OH-PAHs), and total OH-PAHs (ΣOH-PAHs) was associated with an annual change in FEV1/FVC of -0.140, -0.112, -0.260, -0.300, -0.159, -0.220, -0.145, -0.156, and -0.177 %/year, respectively. Interactions on the annual decline of FEV1/FVC were detected between ΣLMW-OH-PAHs and PRS (-0.010 %/year, 95% confidence interval -0.018 to -0.001, Pint = 0.0228), and between ΣOH-PAHs and PRS (-0.010 %/year, -0.018 to -0.001, Pint = 0.0203). These results indicated that specific and total urinary OH-PAHs were associated with the longitudinal FEV1/FVC decline, and ΣLMW-OH-PAHs as well as ΣOH-PAHs interacted with PRS on the annual decline of FEV1/FVC.

Zhou M ，Yang S ，Cao L ，Dai W ，Nie X ，Mu G ，Zhang X ，Wang B ，Ma J ，Wang D ，Shi T ，Wang C ，Hao X ，Chen W ... -  《-》

Declining Pulmonary Function in Populations with Long-term Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons-Enriched PM(2.5).

Shen M ，Xing J ，Ji Q ，Li Z ，Wang Y ，Zhao H ，Wang Q ，Wang T ，Yu L ，Zhang X ，Sun Y ，Zhang Z ，Niu Y ，Wang H ，Chen W ，Dai Y ，Su W ，Duan H ... -  《-》

Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites and Altered Lung Function in Wuhan, China.

Zhou Y ，Sun H ，Xie J ，Song Y ，Liu Y ，Huang X ，Zhou T ，Rong Y ，Wu T ，Yuan J ，Chen W ... -  《-》

Impacts of low socioeconomic status and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure on lung function among a community-based Chinese population.

Lung function is related to socioeconomic status (SES) and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, joint effect of SES and exposure to PAHs on lung function has been largely unknown. We aimed to investigate joint effects of SES and urinary OH-PAHs levels on lung function parameters. This study included 2739 Wuhan participants from the baseline survey of the Wuhan-Zhuhai (WHZH) Cohort Study (n=3053). They completed the questionnaire, physical examination and provided blood and urine samples. Twelve urinary monohydroxy-PAHs metabolites (OH-PAHs) and lung function were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and digital spirometers, respectively. Individuals with low educational levels and low or high levels of urinary ΣOH-PAHs had a 3.5% (95% CI: -5.4, -1.6%) or 4.2% (95% CI: -6.1, -2.3%) reduction in the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1s to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), respectively, and those with middle levels of education and high levels of urinary ΣOH-PAHs had a 2.1% (95% CI: -5.4, -1.6%) reduction in the FEV1/FVC ratio, rather than those with high levels of education and low levels of urinary ΣOH-PAHs. Individuals with low levels of education had a -3.0% (95% CI: -4.4, -1.6%) reduction in FEV1/FVC compared with individuals with high levels of education. Urinary OH-PAHs levels were marginally negatively related to FEV1 in all participants (p=0.073). The results indicated that there was a prominent effect of low levels of education and higher exposure to PAHs on lung function decline, indicating that it is a necessary to take measures to promote the education level and reduce exposure to environmental PAHs.

Hou J ，Sun H ，Ma J ，Zhou Y ，Xiao L ，Xu T ，Cheng J ，Chen W ，Yuan J ... -  《-》