32nd International Austrian Winter Symposium : Zell am See, the Netherlands. 20-23 January 2016.

Langsteger W ，Rezaee A ，Loidl W ，Geinitz HS ，Fitz F ，Steinmair M ，Broinger G ，Pallwien-Prettner L ，Beheshti M ，Imamovic L ，Beheshti M ，Rendl G ，Hackl D ，Tsybrovsky O ，Steinmair M ，Emmanuel K ，Moinfar F ，Pirich C ，Langsteger W ，Bytyqi A ，Karanikas G ，Mayerhöfer M ，Koperek O ，Niederle B ，Hartenbach M ，Beyer T ，Herrmann K ，Czernin J ，Rausch I ，Rust P ，DiFranco MD ，Lassen M ，Stadlbauer A ，Mayerhöfer ME ，Hartenbach M ，Hacker M ，Beyer T ，Binzel K ，Magnussen R ，Wei W ，Knopp MU ，Flanigan DC ，Kaeding C ，Knopp MV ，Leisser A ，Nejabat M ，Hartenbach M ，Kramer G ，Krainer M ，Hacker M ，Haug A ，Lehnert W ，Schmidt K ，Kimiaei S ，Bronzel M ，Kluge A ，Wright CL ，Binzel K ，Zhang J ，Wuthrick E ，Maniawski P ，Knopp MV ，Blaickner M ，Rados E ，Huber A ，Dulovits M ，Kulkarni H ，Wiessalla S ，Schuchardt C ，Baum RP ，Knäusl B ，Georg D ，Bauer M ，Wulkersdorfer B ，Wadsak W ，Philippe C ，Haslacher H ，Zeitlinger M ，Langer O ，Bauer M ，Feldmann M ，Karch R ，Wadsak W ，Zeitlinger M ，Koepp MJ ，Asselin MC ，Pataraia E ，Langer O ，Zeilinger M ，Philippe C ，Dumanic M ，Pichler F ，Pilz J ，Hacker M ，Wadsak W ，Mitterhauser M ，Nics L ，Steiner B ，Hacker M ，Mitterhauser M ，Wadsak W ，Traxl A ，Wanek T ，Kryeziu K ，Mairinger S ，Stanek J ，Berger W ，Kuntner C ，Langer O ，Mairinger S ，Wanek T ，Traxl A ，Krohn M ，Stanek J ，Filip T ，Sauberer M ，Kuntner C ，Pahnke J ，Langer O ，Svatunek D ，Denk C ，Wilkovitsch M ，Wanek T ，Filip T ，Kuntner-Hannes C ，Fröhlich J ，Mikula H ，Denk C ，Svatunek D ，Wanek T ，Mairinger S ，Stanek J ，Filip T ，Fröhlich J ，Mikula H ，Kuntner-Hannes C ，Balber T ，Singer J ，Fazekas J ，Rami-Mark C ，Berroterán-Infante N ，Jensen-Jarolim E ，Wadsak W ，Hacker M ，Viernstein H ，Mitterhauser M ，Denk C ，Svatunek D ，Sohr B ，Mikula H ，Fröhlich J ，Wanek T ，Kuntner-Hannes C ，Filip T ，Pfaff S ，Philippe C ，Mitterhauser M ，Hartenbach M ，Hacker M ，Wadsak W ，Wanek T ，Halilbasic E ，Visentin M ，Mairinger S ，Stieger B ，Kuntner C ，Trauner M ，Langer O ，Lam P ，Aistleitner M ，Eichinger R ，Artner C ，Eidherr H ，Vraka C ，Haug A ，Mitterhauser M ，Nics L ，Hartenbach M ，Hacker M ，Wadsak W ，Kvaternik H ，Müller R ，Hausberger D ，Zink C ，Aigner RM ，Cossío U ，Asensio M ，Montes A ，Akhtar S ，Te Welscher Y ，van Nostrum R ，Gómez-Vallejo V ，Llop J ，VandeVyver F ，Barclay T ，Lippens N ，Troch M ，Hehenwarter L ，Egger B ，Holzmannhofer J ，Rodrigues-Radischat M ，Pirich C ，Pötsch N ，Rausch I ，Wilhelm D ，Weber M ，Furtner J ，Karanikas G ，Wöhrer A ，Mitterhauser M ，Hacker M ，Traub-Weidinger T ，Cassou-Mounat T ，Balogova S ，Nataf V ，Calzada M ，Huchet V ，Kerrou K ，Devaux JY ，Mohty M ，Garderet L ，Talbot JN ，Stanzel S ，Pregartner G ，Schwarz T ，Bjelic-Radisic V ，Liegl-Atzwanger B ，Aigner R ，Stanzel S ，Quehenberger F ，Aigner RM ，Marković AK ，Janković M ，Jerković VM ，Paskaš M ，Pupić G ，Džodić R ，Popović D ，Fornito MC ，Familiari D ，Koranda P ，Polzerová H ，Metelková I ，Henzlová L ，Formánek R ，Buriánková E ，Kamínek M ，Thomson WH ，Lewis C ，Thomson WH ，O'Brien J ，James G ，Notghi A ，Huber H ，Stelzmüller I ，Wunn R ，Mandl M ，Fellner F ，Lamprecht B ，Gabriel M ，Fornito MC ，Leonardi G ，Thomson WH ，O'Brien J ，James G ，Hudzietzová J ，Sabol J ，Fülöp M ... -  《EJNMMI Research》

Joint EANM/SNMMI/ANZSNM practice guidelines/procedure standards on recommended use of [(18)F]FDG PET/CT imaging during immunomodulatory treatments in patients with solid tumors version 1.0.

Lopci E ，Hicks RJ ，Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss A ，Dercle L ，Iravani A ，Seban RD ，Sachpekidis C ，Humbert O ，Gheysens O ，Glaudemans AWJM ，Weber W ，Wahl RL ，Scott AM ，Pandit-Taskar N ，Aide N ... -  《-》

Antioxidants for female subfertility.

M.G. Showell, R. Mackenzie‐Proctor, V. Jordan, and R.J. Hart, “Antioxidants for Female Subfertility,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 8 (2020): CD007807, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007807.pub4 This Editorial Note is for the above article, published online on August 27, 2020, in Cochrane Library (cochranelibrary.com), and has been issued by the Publisher, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, in agreement with Cochrane. The Editorial note has been agreed due to concerns discovered by the Cochrane managing editor regarding the retraction of six studies in the Review (Badawy et al. 2006, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.02.097; El Refaeey et al. 2014, 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.03.011; El Sharkwy & Abd El Aziz 2019a, https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.12902; Gerli et al. 2007, https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202309_33752, full text: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/18074942; Ismail et al. 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.06.008; Hashemi et al. 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1372413). In addition, expressions of concern have been published for two studies (Jamilian et al. 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1236-3; Zadeh Modarres 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1148-2). The retracted studies will be moved to the Excluded Studies table, and their impact on the review findings will be investigated and acted on accordingly in a future update. Initial checks indicate that removal of the six retracted studies did not make an appreciable difference to the results. Likewise, the studies for which Expressions of Concern were issued will be moved to the Awaiting classification table; they did not report any review outcomes, so removal will have no impact on the review findings. A couple may be considered to have fertility problems if they have been trying to conceive for over a year with no success. This may affect up to a quarter of all couples planning a child. It is estimated that for 40% to 50% of couples, subfertility may result from factors affecting women. Antioxidants are thought to reduce the oxidative stress brought on by these conditions. Currently, limited evidence suggests that antioxidants improve fertility, and trials have explored this area with varied results. This review assesses the evidence for the effectiveness of different antioxidants in female subfertility. To determine whether supplementary oral antioxidants compared with placebo, no treatment/standard treatment or another antioxidant improve fertility outcomes for subfertile women. We searched the following databases (from their inception to September 2019), with no language or date restriction: Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group (CGFG) specialised register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and AMED. We checked reference lists of relevant studies and searched the trial registers. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared any type, dose or combination of oral antioxidant supplement with placebo, no treatment or treatment with another antioxidant, among women attending a reproductive clinic. We excluded trials comparing antioxidants with fertility drugs alone and trials that only included fertile women attending a fertility clinic because of male partner infertility. We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. The primary review outcome was live birth; secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy rates and adverse events. We included 63 trials involving 7760 women. Investigators compared oral antioxidants, including: combinations of antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine, melatonin, L-arginine, myo-inositol, carnitine, selenium, vitamin E, vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin D+calcium, CoQ10, and omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids versus placebo, no treatment/standard treatment or another antioxidant. Only 27 of the 63 included trials reported funding sources. Due to the very low-quality of the evidence we are uncertain whether antioxidants improve live birth rate compared with placebo or no treatment/standard treatment (odds ratio (OR) 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36 to 2.43; P < 0.001, I2 = 29%; 13 RCTs, 1227 women). This suggests that among subfertile women with an expected live birth rate of 19%, the rate among women using antioxidants would be between 24% and 36%. Low-quality evidence suggests that antioxidants may improve clinical pregnancy rate compared with placebo or no treatment/standard treatment (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.89; P < 0.001, I2 = 63%; 35 RCTs, 5165 women). This suggests that among subfertile women with an expected clinical pregnancy rate of 19%, the rate among women using antioxidants would be between 25% and 30%. Heterogeneity was moderately high. Overall 28 trials reported on various adverse events in the meta-analysis. The evidence suggests that the use of antioxidants makes no difference between the groups in rates of miscarriage (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.55; P = 0.46, I2 = 0%; 24 RCTs, 3229 women; low-quality evidence). There was also no evidence of a difference between the groups in rates of multiple pregnancy (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.56; P = 0.99, I2 = 0%; 9 RCTs, 1886 women; low-quality evidence). There was also no evidence of a difference between the groups in rates of gastrointestinal disturbances (OR 1.55, 95% CI 0.47 to 5.10; P = 0.47, I2 = 0%; 3 RCTs, 343 women; low-quality evidence). Low-quality evidence showed that there was also no difference between the groups in rates of ectopic pregnancy (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.27 to 7.20; P = 0.69, I2 = 0%; 4 RCTs, 404 women). In the antioxidant versus antioxidant comparison, low-quality evidence shows no difference in a lower dose of melatonin being associated with an increased live-birth rate compared with higher-dose melatonin (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.15; P = 0.89, I2 = 0%; 2 RCTs, 140 women). This suggests that among subfertile women with an expected live-birth rate of 24%, the rate among women using a lower dose of melatonin compared to a higher dose would be between 12% and 40%. Similarly with clinical pregnancy, there was no evidence of a difference between the groups in rates between a lower and a higher dose of melatonin (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.15; P = 0.89, I2 = 0%; 2 RCTs, 140 women). Three trials reported on miscarriage in the antioxidant versus antioxidant comparison (two used doses of melatonin and one compared N-acetylcysteine versus L-carnitine). There were no miscarriages in either melatonin trial. Multiple pregnancy and gastrointestinal disturbances were not reported, and ectopic pregnancy was reported by only one trial, with no events. The study comparing N-acetylcysteine with L-carnitine did not report live birth rate. Very low-quality evidence shows no evidence of a difference in clinical pregnancy (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.33 to 2.00; 1 RCT, 164 women; low-quality evidence). Low quality evidence shows no difference in miscarriage (OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.42 to 5.67; 1 RCT, 164 women; low-quality evidence). The study did not report multiple pregnancy, gastrointestinal disturbances or ectopic pregnancy. The overall quality of evidence was limited by serious risk of bias associated with poor reporting of methods, imprecision and inconsistency. In this review, there was low- to very low-quality evidence to show that taking an antioxidant may benefit subfertile women. Overall, there is no evidence of increased risk of miscarriage, multiple births, gastrointestinal effects or ectopic pregnancies, but evidence was of very low quality. At this time, there is limited evidence in support of supplemental oral antioxidants for subfertile women.

Showell MG ，Mackenzie-Proctor R ，Jordan V ，Hart RJ ... -  《Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews》

Defining the optimum strategy for identifying adults and children with coeliac disease: systematic review and economic modelling.

Elwenspoek MM ，Thom H ，Sheppard AL ，Keeney E ，O'Donnell R ，Jackson J ，Roadevin C ，Dawson S ，Lane D ，Stubbs J ，Everitt H ，Watson JC ，Hay AD ，Gillett P ，Robins G ，Jones HE ，Mallett S ，Whiting PF ... -  《-》

Antimicrobial peptide LyeTx I mn∆K labeled with (68)Ga is a potential PET radiopharmaceutical for molecular imaging of infections.

Antimicrobial peptides have been radiolabeled and investigated as molecular diagnostic probes due to their propensity to accumulate in infectious sites rather than aseptic inflammatory lesions. LyeTx I is a cationic peptide from the venom of Lycosa erythrognatha, exhibiting significant antimicrobial activity. LyeTx I mn∆K is a shortened derivative of LyeTx I, with an optimized balance between antimicrobial and hemolytic activities. This study reports the first 68Ga-radiolabeling of the DOTA-modified LyeTx I mn∆K and primarily preclinical evaluations of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA(K)-LyeTx I mn∆K as a PET radiopharmaceutical for infection imaging. DOTA(K)-LyeTx I mn∆K was radiolabeled with freshly eluted 68Ga. Radiochemical yield (RCY), radiochemical purity (RCP), and radiochemical stability (in saline and serum) were evaluated using ascending thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The radiopeptide's lipophilicity was assessed by determining the logarithm of the partition coefficient (Log P). Serum protein binding (SBP) and binding to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) cells were determined in vitro. Ex vivo biodistribution studies and PET/CT imaging were conducted in healthy mice (control) and mice with infection and aseptic inflammation to evaluate the potential of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA(K)-LyeTx I mn∆K as a specific PET radiopharmaceutical for infections. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA(K)-LyeTx I mn∆K was obtained with a high RCY (>90 %), and after purification through a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge, the RCP exceeded 99 %. Ascending TLC and RP-HPLC showed that the radiopeptide remained stable for up to 3.0 h in saline solution and up to 1.5 h in murine serum. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA(K)-LyeTx I mn∆K exhibited hydrophilic characteristics (Log P = -2.4 ± 0.1) and low SPB (ranging from 23.3 ± 0.4 % at 5 min of incubation to 10.5 ± 1.1 % at 60 min of incubation). The binding of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA(K)-LyeTx I mn∆K to S. aureus cells was proportional to bacterial concentration, with binding percentages of 8.8 ± 0.5 % (0.5 × 109 CFU.mL-1), 16.2 ± 1.4 % (1.0 × 109 CFU.mL-1), and 62.2 ± 0.6 % (5.0 × 109 CFU.mL-1). Ex vivo biodistribution studies and PET/CT images showed higher radiopeptide uptake at the infection site compared to the aseptic inflammation site; the latter was similar to the control group. Target-to-non-target (T/NT) ratios obtained by ex vivo biodistribution data were approximately 1.0, 1.3, and 3.0 at all investigated time intervals for the control, aseptic inflammation, and infection groups, respectively. Furthermore, T/NT ratios obtained from PET/CT images were 1.1 ± 0.1 for the control group and 1.4 ± 0.1 for the aseptic inflammation group. For the infection group, T/NT ratio was 5.0 ± 0.3, approximately 5 times greater compared to the former groups. The results suggest the potential of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA(K)-LyeTx I mn∆K as a PET radiopharmaceutical for molecular imaging of infections.

Fuscaldi LL ，Durante ACR ，Dapueto R ，Reyes AL ，Paolino A ，Savio E ，Malavolta L ，de Lima ME ，Fernandes SOA ，Cardoso VN ，de Barboza MF ... -  《-》