Identification of EDIL3 on extracellular vesicles involved in breast cancer cell invasion.

Cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles have been linked to the pathogenesis of various cancers; however, the role of extracellular vesicles in tumorigenesis remains unclear. To identify extracellular vesicle proteins involved in cancer metastasis, quantitative proteomic analyses were performed on extracellular vesicles derived from two representative breast cancer cell lines: the less invasive MCF-7 and the invasive MDA-MB-231. Proteomic analysis allowed for the identification of 270 proteins in the extracellular vesicles. Here we report a new function of EDIL3 on extracellular vesicles, which are sufficient for enhancement of cell invasion and for acceleration of lung metastasis in vivo. This invasion is most likely mediated via the integrin-FAK signaling cascade in breast cancer cells. However, these effects are suppressed when EDIL3 is inactivated, providing evidence for a critical role of EDIL3 in development of cancer. Consistently, in human patients with metastatic breast cancer, the levels of EDIL3 on circulating extracellular vesicles are significantly elevated. This information is a remarkable breakthrough in understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying metastasis of breast cancer as well as in the research for cancer biomarkers using circulating extracellular vesicles. Furthermore, targeting EDIL3 on extracellular vesicles may lead to a new therapeutic option for treatment of breast cancer.

Lee JE ，Moon PG ，Cho YE ，Kim YB ，Kim IS ，Park H ，Baek MC ... -  《-》

Extracellular vesicles: An overview of biogenesis, function, and role in breast cancer.

Zha QB ，Yao YF ，Ren ZJ ，Li XJ ，Tang JH ... -  《-》

Overexpressed EDIL3 predicts poor prognosis and promotes anchorage-independent tumor growth in human pancreatic cancer.

Jiang SH ，Wang Y ，Yang JY ，Li J ，Feng MX ，Wang YH ，Yang XM ，He P ，Tian GA ，Zhang XX ，Li Q ，Cao XY ，Huo YM ，Yang MW ，Fu XL ，Li J ，Liu DJ ，Dai M ，Wen SY ，Gu JR ，Hong J ，Hua R ，Zhang ZG ，Sun YW ... -  《Oncotarget》

Selectively-Packaged Proteins in Breast Cancer Extracellular Vesicles Involved in Metastasis.

Dalla PV ，Santos J ，Milthorpe BK ，Padula MP ... -  《-》

Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Breast Cancer.

Cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain various cancer-associated molecules, such as mutated or overexpressed oncoproteins, glycoproteins, mRNAs, various non-coding RNAs and DNA fragments. They have been shown to propagate phenotypic traits, such as drug resistance, increased proliferation rate, invasiveness and stemness across cancer cells and to mediate cancer-induced immunosuppression. Therefore, cancer-derived EVs have gained increasing attention as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Unlike circulating tumor cells they are highly abundant in biofluids and, on the contrary to single-molecule circulating biomarkers, they protect their molecular cargo against degradation and may carry molecular signatures associated with specific phenotypes. Herein, we summarize studies investigating EVs as biomarkers in breast cancer and propose scenarios for various clinical applications of EV-based biomarkers in the management of breast cancer. Furthermore, we provide an overview of recent findings regarding the cancer-promoting effects of breast cancer-derived EVs and discuss opportunities for blocking EV-mediated signaling as a therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.

Sadovska L ，Eglītis J ，Linē A 《-》