Gene expression analysis in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated by LPSs from nosocomial opportunistic pathogens.

Innate immunity coordinates LPS detection via TLR4 on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to elicit responses to many Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we describe the effects of five subtypes of LPS [isolated from Escherichia coli B4, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRP), Acinetobacter baumannii and multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (MDRA)] on gene expression in PMNs. LPS isolated from B4, PAO1, and A. baumannii did not significantly alter TLR2 expression. However, LPS from MDRP and MDRA caused a 0.6-fold decrease and 2.7-fold increase, respectively, in TLR2 expression. Similarly, TLR4 expression was not significantly altered by LPS isolated from B4, PAO1 and A. baumannii but was down-regulated by LPS isolated from MDRP and MDRA by 0.1- and 0.6-fold, respectively. All LPS subtypes, excluding PAO1, down-regulated CD14 expression in PMNs. However, all five LPS subtypes up-regulated TNFA, IL1B, IL6, IL10 and TREM1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, with the most substantial responses observed following exposure to LPS from MDRP and MDRA. These different effects on the gene expression in PMNs may depend on variation in LPS structural modifications related to acquired drug resistance, such as acylation and/or glycosylation.

Ubagai T ，Nakano R ，Nakano A ，Kamoshida G ，Ono Y ... -  《-》

Immunobiological effects of lipopolysaccharide derived from Helicobacter pylori and influence of a proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Helicobacter pylori colonizes the human gastric mucosa of more than half of the human population and has a unique lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure. LPS is the most dominant and suitable pathogen-associated molecular pattern that is detected via pattern recognition receptors. Although the priming effect of H. pylori LPS on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of PMNs is lower than that of Escherichia coli O111:B4 LPS, LPS released from H. pylori associated with antibiotics eradication therapy may activate PMNs and increase ROS production. In addition, we describe the effects of H. pylori and E. coli O111:B4 LPSs on gene expression and the anti-inflammatory effect of lansoprazole (LPZ) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. LPS isolated from H. pylori and E. coli O111:B4 alters toll-like receptor 2 (TLR) and TLR4 expressions similarly. However, LPS from E. coli O111:B4 and H. pylori caused a 1.8-fold and 1.5-fold increase, respectively, in CD14 expression. All LPS subtypes upregulated TNFα and IL6 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Although E. coli O111:B4 LPS upregulated IL8R mRNA levels, H. pylori LPS did not (≦ 100 ng/mL). Gene expression levels of ITGAM demonstrated no significant change on using both LPSs. These different effects on the gene expression in PMNs may depend on variations in LPS structural modifications related to the acquired immunomodulatory properties of H. pylori LPS. Proton pump inhibitors, i.e., LPZ, are used in combination with antibiotics for the eradication therapy of H. pylori. LPZ and its acid-activated sulphenamide form AG-2000 suppress ROS production of PMNs in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that LPZ combination with antibiotics for H. pylori eradication reduces gastric inflammation by suppressing ROS release from PMNs.

Koshibu Y ，Ubagai T ，Yoshino Y ，Ono Y ... -  《-》

Chlorine Dioxide is a Better Disinfectant than Sodium Hypochlorite against Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii.

Hinenoya A ，Awasthi SP ，Yasuda N ，Shima A ，Morino H ，Koizumi T ，Fukuda T ，Miura T ，Shibata T ，Yamasaki S ... -  《-》

Differential roles of CD14 and toll-like receptors 4 and 2 in murine Acinetobacter pneumonia.

Knapp S ，Wieland CW ，Florquin S ，Pantophlet R ，Dijkshoorn L ，Tshimbalanga N ，Akira S ，van der Poll T ... -  《AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE》

Acinetobacter baumannii lipopolysaccharides are potent stimulators of human monocyte activation via Toll-like receptor 4 signalling.

Erridge C ，Moncayo-Nieto OL ，Morgan R ，Young M ，Poxton IR ... -  《JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY》