Effects of a high-protein/low carbohydrate versus a standard hypocaloric diet on adipocytokine levels and insulin resistance in obese patients along 9 months.

Recent dietary trials and observational studies have focused on the effects of diet on health outcomes such as improvement in levels of surrogate biomarkers. The aim of our study was to examine the changes in weight, adipocytokines levels and insulin resistance after a high-protein/low carbohydrate hypocaloric diet vs. a standard hypocaloric diet during an intervention of 9 months. 331 obese subjects were randomly allocated to one of two diets for a period of 9 months. Diet HP (n=168) (high-protein hypocaloric diet) consisted in a diet of 1050 cal/day, 33% of carbohydrates, 33% of fats and 34% of proteins. Diet S (n=163) (standard protein hypocaloric diet) consisted in a diet of 1093 cal/day, 53% carbohydrates, 27%fats, and 20% proteins. With the diets HP and S, BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, insulin and HOMA decreased. The decrease at 9 months of (BMI: -2.6±1.3kg/m(2) vs. -2.1±1.2kg/m(2):p<0.05), weight (-8.4±4.2kg vs. -5.0±4.1kg: p<0.05), fat mass (-5.1±4.1kg vs. -3.4±4.2kg: p<0.05), systolic blood pressure (-5.1±7.1mmHg vs. -3.1±2.1mmHg: p<0.05), (insulin levels -4.0±4.8 UI/L vs. -2.2±2.4 UI/L; p<0.05) and HOMA (-0.8±1.0 units vs. -0.3±1.0 units; p<0.05) was higher in diet HP than Diet S. With both diets, leptin levels decreased. A high-protein/low carbohydrate hypocaloric diet shows a higher weight loss, insulin and HOMA-R decreased after 9 months than a standard hypocaloric diet. The improvement in adipokine levels was similar with both diets.

de Luis DA ，Izaola O ，Aller R ，de la Fuente B ，Bachiller R ，Romero E ... -  《-》

Role of Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 2 Ala54Thr Genotype on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Risk Factors after a High-Protein/Low-Carbohydrate versus a Standard Hypocaloric Diet during 9 Months.

It has been found that the expression of fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene mRNA is under dietary control. The polymorphism Ala54Thr of this protein was associated with high insulin resistance. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Thr54 polymorphism on metabolic response, weight loss and serum adipokine levels secondary to high-protein/low-carbohydrate vs. standard hypocaloric diets during 9 months. A population of 193 obese subjects was analyzed in a randomized trial. A nutritional evaluation was performed at the beginning and at the end of a 9-month period in which subjects received 1 of 2 diets (diet HP: high-protein/low-carbohydrate vs. diet S: standard diet). With both diets and in both genotype groups, body mass index, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and leptin levels decreased. With both diets and only in wild genotype (diet HP vs. diet S), glucose (-6.2 ± 2.1 vs. -4.9 ± 2.0 mg/dl; p < 0.05), insulin levels (-5.0 ± 3.9 vs. -2.0 ± 2.1 UI/l; p < 0.05), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-R) (-1.1 ± 0.9 vs. -0.7 ± 1.0 units; p < 0.05) decreased. The improvement in these parameters was higher with diet HP than HS. With both diets and only in the wild genotype, total cholesterol and LDL-total cholesterol levels decreased. Carriers of Thr54 allele have a different metabolic response after weight loss than wild type non-A carriers obese, with a lack of decrease of LDL-cholesterol, glucose, insulin levels and HOMA-R.

de Luis DA ，Izaola O ，de la Fuente B ，Primo D ，Romero E ... -  《-》

Effects of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate versus a standard hypocaloric diet on adipocytokine levels and cardiovascular risk factors during 9 months, role of rs6923761 gene variant of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor.

de Luis DA ，Aller R ，Izaola O ，Romero E ... -  《-》

Effect of a high monounsaturated vs high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diets in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aller R ，de Luis DA ，Izaola O ，de la Fuente B ，Bachiller R ... -  《-》

The effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the ADIPOQ gene locus rs1501299 on metabolic parameters after 9 mo of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate versus a standard hypocaloric diet.

Some adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been related to basal and adiponectin levels and metabolic parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the genetic variant rs1501299 ADIPOQ gene on biochemical changes after weight loss secondary to a high-protein and low-carbohydrate diet versus a standard severe hypocaloric diet over 9 mo as the primary endpoint. A white population of 270 obese patients was enrolled in a randomized clinical trial with two hypocaloric diets (high-protein and low carbohydrate diet [HP] versus standard diet [S]) over 9 mo of intervention. The statistical analysis was performed for the combined GT and TT as a group (T-allele carriers) and GG as second group (non-T-allele carriers). Before and after 12 wk on each hypocaloric diet, an anthropometric evaluation, an assessment of nutritional intake, and a biochemical analysis were realized. With both dietary interventions, body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and leptin levels decreased. In non-T-allele carriers after both diets, the decrease in total cholesterol levels -12.3 ± 2.2 mg/dL (T-allele carriers -6.9 ± 2.1 mg/dL; P = 0.01 diet HP) and 12.2 ± 3.1 mg/dL (T-allele carriers -4.7 ± 1.2 mg/dL; P = 0.02 after diet S), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol -13.2 ± 2.7 mg/dL (T-allele carriers -6.1 ± 2.1 mg/dL; P = 0.02 after diet HP) and -9.3 ± 1.8 mg/dL (T-allele carriers -4.8 ± 2.9 mg/dL; P = 0.01 after diet S), triacylglycerol levels -12.7 ± 6.1 mg/dL (T-allele carriers -6 ± 2.9 mg/dL; P = 0.01 after diet HP) and -16.3 ± 7.2 mg/dL (T-allele carriers -5.3 ± 1.4 mg/dL; P = 0.03 after diet S), insulin levels -5 ± 1.1 mUI/L (in T-allele -1.7 ± 0.9 mUI/L; P = 0.02 after diet HP) and -3.2 1.1 mUI/L (T-allele carriers -0.7 ± 0.7 mUI/L; P = 0.02 after diet S), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance levels -0.4 ± 0.2 units (T-allele group -0.1 ± 0.1; P = 0.04 after diet HP) and -0.7 ± 0.1 units (T-allele carriers -0.1 ± 0.5 mg/dL; P = 0.01 after diet S) was higher than T-allele carriers. Only no T-allele carriers showed an increase in adiponectin levels after both diets. After two different hypocaloric diets during 9 mo of intervention, the GG genotype of an ADIPOQ gene variant (rs1501299) is related to better improvement in adiponectin levels, insulin resistance, and lipid profile than T-allele carriers.

Aller R ，Izaola O ，Primo D ，de Luis DA ... -  《-》