HLA-DQ genetic risk gradient for type 1 diabetes and celiac disease in northwestern Mexico.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) are the 2 most common autoimmune childhood diseases that share their HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 genetic origin. There has currently been an increase in both diseases worldwide. In children from the low-population State of Sonora (15 inhabitants/km(2)) in north-western Mexico, there is no information on their genetic risk or the distribution of the related alleles in the general population. To compare the HLA-DQ allele frequency in a representative sample of newborns from Sonora with that of T1D and CD patients to determine the risk gradient, and to identify the presence of celiac autoimmunity in the T1D group. The study included 397 Sonoran newborns, with 44 cases of T1D, and 25 CD cases. The CD and T1D cases were clinically diagnosed by specialists at the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora, and the autoantibodies were determined by ELISA. Whole blood was collected, gDNA was extracted, and HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 were typed by PCR-SSP. The risk gradient was calculated by comparing the allele frequencies of the cases with those of the newborns. The Sonoran HLA-DQ risk heterodimer proportion was 16.1% for HLA-DQ2 and 13.6% for HLA-DQ8, with an HLA-DQ2:HLA-DQ8 ratio of 1.2:1. The DQ8/DQ2 genotype represented a 1:14 risk for T1D, whereas the DQ8/DQB1*0201 combination showed a 1:6 risk for CD. The prevalence of CD autoimmunity in T1D children was 7%. The Sonoran population has a distinctive HLA-DQ allele distribution due to its ancestry. The HLA-DQ8 combinations with DQ2 or one of its alleles conferred the highest risk for both diseases, and T1D and CD frequently appear together.

Mejía-León ME ，Ruiz-Dyck KM ，Calderón de la Barca AM 《-》

Contribution of HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes in type one diabetes patients with/without celiac disease.

Based on lack of data on the distribution of the related alleles in the T1D population in Iranian population, we assessed the frequency of HLA DQ2 and DQ8 haplotypes in patients with T1D with/without CD compared to healthy population. 70 patients with T1D without celiac disease, 60 T1D cases with CD were compared to 150 healthy individuals during 2016. Ten mililiter Gheparinized blood samples were collected, genomic DNA was extracted and alleles were genotyped by Real-time PCR using SYBR Green as a low-resolution method. HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 genotypes was presented in 51% and 23% of T1D patients without CD respectively. Twenty one percent of those patients carried both alleles and 5% were negative for both alleles. T1D patients with CD had much higher DQ2 frequency (72%) and lower DQ8 (11.6%), than T1D patients without CD and controls, 14% carried both alleles and 3% were negative for both. The frequencies of DQ2 and DQ8 alleles in Iranian healthy population were 19 and 5% respectively. According to the same genetic background for CD and T1D we suggest that HLA-typing can be a very useful screening tool for CD in patients with type one diabetes.

Moheb-Alian A ，Forouzesh F ，Sadeghi A ，Rostami K ，Aghamohammadi E ，Rostami-Nejad M ，Rezaei-Tavirani M ，Zali MR ... -  《-》

HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 genotype frequency in Syrian celiac disease children: HLA-DQ relative risks evaluation.

Murad H ，Jazairi B ，Khansaa I ，Olabi D ，Khouri L ... -  《BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY》

High-risk genotypes HLA-DR3-DQ2/DR3-DQ2 and DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 in co-occurrence of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease.

Smigoc Schweiger D ，Mendez A ，Kunilo Jamnik S ，Bratanic N ，Bratina N ，Battelino T ，Brecelj J ，Vidan-Jeras B ... -  《-》

Allele and haplotype frequencies for HLA-DQ in Iranian celiac disease patients.

Rostami-Nejad M ，Romanos J ，Rostami K ，Ganji A ，Ehsani-Ardakani MJ ，Bakhshipour AR ，Zojaji H ，Mohebbi SR ，Zali MR ，Wijmenga C ... -  《-》