The psychometric properties of Observer OPTION(5), an observer measure of shared decision making.

Observer OPTION(5) was designed as a more efficient version of OPTION(12), the most commonly used measure of shared decision making (SDM). The current paper assesses the psychometric properties of OPTION(5). Two raters used OPTION(5) to rate recordings of clinical encounters from two previous patient decision aid (PDA) trials (n=201; n=110). A subsample was re-rated two weeks later. We assessed discriminative validity, inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, and concurrent validity. OPTION(5) demonstrated discriminative validity, with increases in SDM between usual care and PDA arms. OPTION(5) also demonstrated concurrent validity with OPTION(12), r=0.61 (95%CI 0.54, 0.68) and intra-rater reliability, r=0.93 (0.83, 0.97). The mean difference in rater score was 8.89 (95% Credibility Interval, 7.5, 10.3), with intraclass correlation (ICC) of 0.67 (95% Credibility Interval, 0.51, 0.91) for the accuracy of rater scores and 0.70 (95% Credibility Interval, 0.56, 0.94) for the consistency of rater scores across encounters, indicating good inter-rater reliability. Raters reported lower cognitive burden when using OPTION(5) compared to OPTION(12). OPTION(5) is a brief, theoretically grounded observer measure of SDM with promising psychometric properties in this sample and low burden on raters. OPTION(5) has potential to provide reliable, valid assessment of SDM in clinical encounters.

Barr PJ ，O'Malley AJ ，Tsulukidze M ，Gionfriddo MR ，Montori V ，Elwyn G ... -  《-》

Psychometric properties of the German version of Observer OPTION(5).

Kölker M ，Topp J ，Elwyn G ，Härter M ，Scholl I ... -  《BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH》

Comparing the ability of OPTION(12) and OPTION(5) to assess shared decision-making in genetic counselling.

OPTION(12) is the most widely used tool to measure shared decision-making (SDM) in health care. A newer scale, OPTION(5), has been proposed as a more parsimonious measure that better addresses core concepts of SDM. This study compares OPTION(5) to OPTION(12) in prenatal genetic counselling. Two raters independently used OPTION(12) and OPTION(5) to score 27 clinical encounters between genetic counsellors (GC) and women with pregnancies at increased risk for genetic conditions. Global and item scores on the two instruments were compared to test concurrent validity and to identify usability in this context. Inter-rater reliability was also assessed for both instruments. Mean scores for OPTION(12) were 43.8 (SD=9.7), and for OPTION(5) were=60.6 (SD=12.5). The correlation between OPTION(12) and OPTION(5) scores was r=0.70. Inter-rater reliability was 0.70 and 0.85 for OPTION(12) and OPTION(5) respectively, however mean inter-rater reliability for individual items was 0.31 and 0.63 for OPTION(12) and OPTION(5) respectively. GCs exhibit SDM as measured by both OPTION instruments. OPTION(5) exhibits improved psychometric performance relative to OPTION(12), and more specifically targets the core constructs of SDM. However, refinement of OPTION instruments or manuals is needed to improve reliability and validity in GC assessment.

Vortel MA ，Adam S ，Port-Thompson AV ，Friedman JM ，Grande SW ，Birch PH ... -  《-》

Shared decision making: the reliability of the OPTION scale in Italy.

Goss C ，Fontanesi S ，Mazzi MA ，Del Piccolo L ，Rimondini M ，Elwyn G ，Zimmermann C ... -  《PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING》

The German version of the Four Habits Coding Scheme - association between physicians' communication and shared decision making skills in the medical encounter.

To translate a measure of physicians' communication skills, the Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS), into German, to examine its psychometric properties, and to analyze its association with the OPTION Scale, which assesses physicians' shared decision making (SDM) behavior. We performed a secondary data analysis of 67 audio-recorded medical consultations. Reliability, internal consistency, and factorial validity of the translated 4HCS were analyzed. The association with the OPTION Scale was examined using correlation and linear regression. Testing of reliability revealed intraclass correlation coefficients above .70. Results regarding internal consistency and factorial validity were inconclusive. The correlations between the OPTION score and the four dimensions of the 4HCS were .04 (p=.782), -.14 (p=.303), -.15 (p=.279) and .55 (p<.001), respectively. In multiple regression the four dimensions of the 4HCS explained substantial amount of variation in the OPTION scores (R(2)=.42, P<.001). The measure showed good observer reliability, however further testing is necessary. Due to the strong interrelation of both measures, SDM should be seen in the context of broader communication skills. The 4HCS can be used in research and medical education. Further studies are necessary that investigate SDM within the context of communication skills.

Scholl I ，Nicolai J ，Pahlke S ，Kriston L ，Krupat E ，Härter M ... -  《-》